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Are you preparing for UPSC examination? Here are few optional questions and answers on sociology that are more likely to come in UPSC exam of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland.
1. According to Max Weber ideal types are
(a) general types
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(b) average types
(c) pure types
(d) normative types
Ans. (c)
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2. Who among the following maintains that social structure has nothing to do with empirical reality?
(a) Nadel
(b) Firth
(c) Levi-Strauss
(d) R.K. Merton
Ans. (a)
3. Transformation of charismatic leadership into institutionalised leadership is
(a) routinisation
(b) institutionalisation
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(c) categorisation
(d) politicization
Ans. (a)
4. Which of the following cannot be considered as a force of production?
(a) Tractor
(b) Steam Engine
(c) Wind Mill
(d) Missile
Ans. (d)
5. With the increase of productive forces
(a) man’s mastery over nature increases
(b) man becomes more conscious of nature
(c) man turns into guardian of nature
(d) man becomes enslaved to nature
Ans. (a)
6. Material forces of production are
(a) continuously expanding
(b) more or less stagnant
(c) moving towards scarcity
(d) potentially distractive
Ans. (a)
7. Relations of production primarily consist of
(a) Social relationships arising out of the production process
(b) Differential requirements of classes in society
(c) Ideal material needs of humans in history
(d) Individual motives for acquisition in society
Ans. (a)
8. Relations of production constitute relationships between
(a) Things and things
(b) People and things
(c) People and people
(d) Factory and worker
Ans. (c)
9. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Relationship of production is not a human relationship at all
(b) Relationship of production is not merely the ownership of means of production
(c) Relationship of production is not a cooperative relationship between individuals.
(d) Relationship of production is essentially an exploitative relationship between producers
Ans. (b)
10. Which of the following statements is correct?
(a) Relationships of production can generate changes in forces of production
(b) Relationships of production can be at conflict with forces of production
(c) Relationships of production have essentially no relationship to forces of production
(d) Relationships of production can also dominate and generate changes in the forces of production
Ans. (c)
11. The concept of ‘corporate group’ is propounded by
(a) Henry Maine
(b) Herbert Blumer
(c) Albion Small
(d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. (a)
12. A group of people who come together to pursue a mutual goal and who behave according to established norms is called
(a) Casual group
(b) Casual crowd
(c) Conventional crowd
(d) Organisational crowd
Ans. (c)
13. An aggregate of onlookers viewing a common event where the crowd has only a momentary existence and no internal organisation is called
(a) Casual crowd
(b) Quasi crowd
(c) Onlooking group
(d) Quasi group
Ans. (a)
14. The concept of ‘Conventional Crowd’ was propounded by
(a) Aristotle
(b) Thomas Hobbes
(c) H. Blumer
(d) G.C. Homans
Ans. (c)
15. The term ‘situs’ is used to denote
(a) differentiation in society evaluated in terms of superiority or inferiority
(b) differentiation in society evaluated in terms of rich and poor
(c) differentiation in society evaluated in terms of educated and uneducated
(d) differentiation in society evaluated in terms of healthy and sick
Ans. (a)
16. During which period was the first state farm started?
(a) The Gupta period
(b) The Mauryan period
(c) The Mughal period
(d) The British period
Ans. (b)
17. The various castes of a Hindu village in north India are inter-related in a service capacity. Each serves the others. Each in turn is master. Each in turn is servant. Each has its own clientele comprising members of different castes which is his ‘jajmani’ or ‘birth’. Whose observation is this?
(a) Oscar Lewis
(b) Beidelman
(c) Wiser
(d) M.N. Srinivas
Ans. (c)
18. Colonial urban economy of India is characterised by
1. Destruction of traditional handicrafts
2. Growth of new classes of the bourgeoisie
3. Beginning and development of modern industries
(a) 1 only
(b) 1, 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (b)
19. The de-industrialisation of Indian economy took place because
1. Indians refused to produce goods for the British
2. The Indian goods were not of very good quality
3. The Indian craftsmen became poverty stricken and were not able to get the raw material
4. The policy of British rulers was such that they exported raw materials from India and flooded the Indian market with their own manufactured goods
(a) 4 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
20. The Nutritional Approach to poverty tries to measure
(a) The health of the urban population
(b) Poverty on the basis of minimum good requirements
(c) Relative poverty of the poor as compared to the rich
(d) Poverty on the basis of the income level of the rural population.
Ans. (b)
21. Which of the following is not an approach to study Urban Sociology?
(a) Ecological
(b) Community
(c) Organisation
(d) Associational
Ans. (c)
22. Who does not belong to Chicago School of Urban Sociology?
(a) Robert Redfield
(b) Robert Park
(c) Robert Blumer
(d) Louis Wirth
Ans. (d)
23. Who among the following is not a member of German School of Urban Sociology?
(a) Max Weber
(b) Oswald Spengler
(c) G. Simmel
(d) F. Tonnies
Ans. (a)
24. Who among the following has regarded the onset of urbanism as one of the blessings of capitalism?
(a) Karl Marx
(b) Max Weber
(c) Oswald Spengler
(d) Rudolph
Ans. (a)
25. Whom of the following has image of man as isolated, exaggeratedly self-centered, and extremely individuated?
(a) Thomas Hobbes
(b) Karl Marx
(c) C.W. Mills
(d) T. Parsons
Ans. (d)
26. Who has advocated ‘National Park’ theory for Tribal Development?
(a) D.N. Majumdar
(b) T.N. Madan
(o) Lucy Mair
(d) Elwin
Ans. (b)
27. Name the criminal tribe of Gurgaon.
(a) Gowari
(b) Bawaria
(c) Danteswari
(d) Mewati
Ans. (a)
28. Andamanese are
(a) Negrito
(b) Caucasoid
(c) Mongoloid
(d) Alpian
Ans. (a)
29. Name the largest slum of Asia.
(a) Dharavi
(b) Kamatipura
(c) Basti
(d) Ahata
Ans. (a)
30. The term ‘Polis’ has its origin in
(a) City state Greek
(b) Medieval cities
(c) Rome
(d) Mesopotamia
Ans. (a)
31. A Society is called stateless if it
1. It has simple economy
2. It has no rigid boundary or permanent physical territory
3. It follows oral traditions, and the bureaucratic aspect is absent from it
4. There is no fixed rigidly spell out ideology
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 2 only
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
32. There are three sources of knowledge about simple societies without government. Which of the following is not one of them?
(a) Archaelogical records about stateless societies
(b) Monographs written by anthropologists
(c) Ethnographical studies by anthropologists
(d) Literature produced by missionaries, travellers and administrators
Ans. (c)
33. Which among the following societies has specific political organisation?
(a) Bushman of South Africa
(b) Jarwa of Andaman Islands
(c) Dinka of Southern Sudan
(d) Some of the people of southeast Asia
Ans. (c)
34. Government by discussion means
(a) All have to observe customary rules
(b) All have to get socialised
(c) All have to do some discussion
(d) First a sacred hymn pronounced and then law have to be defined accordingly
Ans. (d)
35. The book ‘Politics, Law and Ritual in Tribal Society’ is written by
(a) Evans – Pritchard
(b) Max Gluckman
(c) Radcliffe Brown
(d) B. Malinowski
Ans. (b)
36. Taboos of non-permission or inter-marriage and free mixing up with the members of other classes, sometimes point to the
(a) Antagonism prevalent amongst the classes
(b) Ritual purity of the classes
(c) Inferiority complex present in the lower classes.
(d) Demand of a particular economic system
Ans. (b)
37. M.G. Smith’s approach to the study of stratification may be criticized on the ground that
(a) It is applicable only to highly industrialized societies
(b) Priestly ordinances
(c) It ignores the role of voluntary association in modern Industrial society
(d) It does not see social inequality as a universal phenomenon
Ans. (b)
38. Some individuals and groups are rated higher in society because
(a) They belong to higher castes
(b) They are considered to be basically good
(c) They enjoy opportunities and privileges which others seldom enjoys
(d) They had a good class relation
Ans. (c)
39. Which aspect of the caste is most repugnant in modern times?
(a) Endogamy
(b) Hereditary occupation
(c) Untouchability
(d) Wide differences in opportunities for advancement
Ans. (c)
40. In terms of social stratification systems, India is a good example of a society in which most social positions are
(a) Guided by the conditions of industrial life.
(b) Ascribed
(c) Achieved
(d) Guided by the legal and democratic system
Ans. (b)
41. _________ contends that the rate of change in today’s society is so high that it presents us with a problem of future shock, resulting from out inability to adjust to a pace, that, in effect, makes us live in our own futures.
(a) Alvin Toffler
(b) Olaf Hermer
(c) Paul Enrlich
(d) M.S. Iyengar
Ans. (a)
42. ‘Future Shock’ is akin to
(a) Present shock
(b) Value Shock
(c) Culture shock
(d) Psychological shock
Ans. (c)
43. Who among the following contends that we have shifted from a ‘post-figurative’ culture, in which the young learned from the old, to one that is ‘configurative’ in which both children and adults learn chiefly from their peers?
(a) C.H. Cooley
(b) Margret Mead
(c) G.H. Mead
(d) Freud
Ans. (b)
44. Which one of the following is not a change – promoting movement?
(a) Literacy Movement
(b) Women Liberation Movement
(c) Dalit Movement
(d) Anti-Reservation Movement
Ans. (a)
45. The book ‘The Passing of Traditional Society’ is written by
(a) Daniel Thorner
(b) Daniel Lerner
(c) Francis Abraham
(d) Percy Cohen
Ans. (b)
46. The Cholnaicken living in Nilambur Valley, Kerala were divided into
(a) Six bands
(b) Two bands
(c) Ten bands
(d) Five bands
Ans. (c)
47. The territory of Cholnaickens is known as
(a) Mulukuramba
(b) Tsenman
(c) Kalpikkam
(d) Kaolingam
Ans. (b)
48. Which among the following is not true regarding khasis?
(a) The houses in khasis villages form agglomeration
(b) These agglomeration of houses are result of social custom
(c) The khasi habitates are located on hilly tracts, slopes and valleys
(d) Khasi region is not rich in fauna and flora
Ans. (d)
49. Among khasis ‘Raid’ means?
(a) Group of villages
(b) Capture of woman
(c) Matrilineal system
(d) Youngest daughter
Ans. (a)
50. Which among the following is perhaps the only tribe who claim to be vegetarian?
(a) Khasi
(b) Toda
(c) Kadar
(d) Gond
Ans. (b)
51. The Theory of Demographic Transition is based largely on the
(a) Indian sub-continent’s experience of famine
(b) Indian sub-continent’s experience of population explosion and poverty
(c) European experience with industrialisation
(d) American experience of high standard of living
Ans. (c)
52. The distribution in a population of both ascribed characteristics (such as age, sex and race) and achieved characteristics (such as marital status, education and occupation) is called
(a) Population composition
(b) Population distribution
(c) Population constants
(d) Population contents
Ans. (b)
53. Hypothetical populations of the same size in which assumed levels of morality or fertility are held constant while the other is varied
(a) Would be population models
(b) Hypothetical population models
(c) Stable population models
(d) Constant population models
Ans. (c)
54. Natural increase (or decrease) stands for
(a) the net difference between births and deaths
(b) famine
(c) communicable diseases
(d) male-female ratio
Ans. (a)
55. The most dramatic shift in the distribution of human population in modern times is in the growth of
(a) Industries
(b) Cities
(c) Food production
(d) Economy
Ans. (b)
56. Which among the following Article of the Indian constitution requires the union government to give grants-in-aid to the states for meeting the cost of schemes for the welfare of the scheduled tribes?
(a) 275(1)
(b) 15(4)
(c) 74
(d) 75
Ans. (a)
57. Which Article provides for the abolition of untouchability and forbidding of its practice in any form?
(a) 164
(b) 216
(c) 17
(d) 217
Ans. (c)
58. The states/union territories in which no community has been declared as a scheduled tribe are
(a) Haryana, Rajasthan, Maharashtra
(b) Haryana, Punjab, Pondicherry
(c) Bihar, M.P., Pondicherry
(d) Haryana, Rajasthan, Pondicherry
Ans. (b)
59. In the all India competition, reservations for the Scheduled Caste candidates is to the extent of
(a) 22%
(b) 7.5%
(c) 15%
(d) 17.5%
Ans. (c)
60. The main provision of the Sixth Schedule of the constitution of India deals with
(a) Autonomy in administration in the tribal areas of north-east India
(b) Reservation in educational institutions
(c) Preservation of tribal land
(d) Priority in health facility
Ans. (a)
61. Who was he?
For him societies were moral systems and it was pertinent to examine symbols and their meaning to people. In this he helped to direct the interest of social anthropologists into a new direction.
(a) Radcliffe Brown
(b) B. Malinowski
(c) Evans Pritchard
(d) M. Gluckman
Ans. (c)
62. The notion of order, change and progress are inherent in the concept of
(a) evolution
(b) revolution
(c) social change
(d) social development
Ans. (a)
63. Who distinguished between 3 stages of mental activity—the conjectural, the miconjectural, and the positive?
(a) Saint Simon
(b) Auguste Comte
(c) Aristotle
(d) Montesquieu
Ans. (a)
64. Identify the person being referred to.
“Like Saint Simon, he also distinguished 3 stages—theological, metaphysical and scientific—and argued that all societies pass through them.”
(a) Malinowski
(b) Montesquieu
(c) Auguste Comte
(d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. (a)
65. Who saw society as a social organism possessing a harmony of structure and function?
(a) Auguste Comte
(b) B. Malinowski
(c) Aristotle
(d) E. Durkheim
Ans. (a)
66. Identify the person.
He felt that there was in social life a change from simple to complex forms—from the homogeneous to the heterogeneous and that there was with society an integration of the ‘whole’ and a differentiation of the parts. He developed many of Comte’s ideas in his ‘principles of sociology’.
(a) Herbert Spencer
(b) Emile Durkheim
(c) Henry Maine
(d) E.B. Tylor
Ans. (a)
67. In the matter of curriculum teachers should:
(a) be mainly concerned with the tasks of its implementation
(b) be quite active participants in its development
(c) understand its historical development to be able to teach
(d) understand the main objectives of every subject
Ans. (b)
68. Stagnation in education means that:
(a) Teachers have got no inclination to refresh their knowledge
(b) The curriculum studies have become old and out dated
(c) Methods followed for teaching have lost attraction for children
(d) Children do not progress from class year by year
Ans. (d)
69. For doing external criticism (for establishing the authenticity of data) a researcher must verify:
(a) the paper and ink used in that period which is under study
(b) the signature and handwriting of the author
(c) style of prose writing of that period
(d) all of the above
Ans. (d)
70. Where informants are literate and are spread over a vast area, the most suitable method of collecting data is:
(a) direct personal interview
(b) mailed questionnaire method
(c) interview by investigator
(d) any of these
Ans. (c)
71. If two or more characters are shown in a table it is called:
(a) Simple table
(b) Complex table
(c) Variable table
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b)
72. Which among the following correctly describes changed position of women in a modern Indian family?
(A) Woman’s increasing economic independence
(B) Woman becoming head of the family
(C) Woman’s growing indifference to her domestic obligations
(D) Woman’s competitiveness with male peers in the family
Ans. (A)
73. According to Marx which of the following best sums up the individual’s class positions in society?
(A) It is primary social category that determines everything for the individual
(B) It is the most basic social category that the individual occupies
(C) It is something an individual cannot escape from since it determines individual’s socialization and set the perspectives from which he sees his society and his place in it.
(D) All the above
Ans. (D)
74. According to Talcott Parsons, which of the following are the functional pre-requisites of the social system?
(A) Accommodation, goal attainment, integration and adjustment
(B) Adjustment, adaptation, latency and integration
(C) Cooperation, goal attainment, integration and latency
(D) Adaptation, goal attainment, integration and latency
Ans. (D)
75. Which of the following characteristics prevail when members of a particular group consider another group as reference group?
1. Striving for admission
2. Mutual awareness
3. Conferral superiority
4. Individual initiative
5. Emulation
6. Simple comparison
Select the correct answer using the code given below:
(A) 1, 3, 5 and 6 only
(B) 2, 3, 4 and 5 only
(C) 3, 4, 5 and 6 only
(D) 1, 2, 3 and 4 only
Ans. (A)
76. Which among the following is not correct?
(A) All societies have some pattern of social stratification
(B) Socialist societies have no stratification
(C) The process of stratification places families or individuals into a system of in equals
(D) Stratification in modern societies is based mainly on achievement.
Ans. (B)
77. ‘Ethics’ and ‘Politics’ the books dealing with the law, state and society for the first time was written by:
(a) Plato
(b) Aristotle
(c) Cicero
(d) Sophists
Ans. (a)
78. Which is most appropriate?
(a) All social sciences study society
(b) Only sociology and social anthropology study society
(c) Only sociology, social anthropology study society
(d) Only sociology studies society
Ans. (a)
79. Which is not appropriate?
(a) Whereas anthropology studies pre-literate societies, sociology studies modem industrial societies
(b) Both anthropologists and sociologists lay equal emphasis on the study of modem industrial societies
(c) Both anthropologists and sociologists study the pre- literate societies but from different points of view
(d) More and more anthropologists going for the study of modem industrial societies just as more and more sociologists are studying preliterate societies
Ans. (d)
80. Sociology and social anthropology had both begun asking general questions about the nature and origins of human society as a whole. They became scientific disciplines only when they began to make empirical investigation into particular societies. But the type of societies, social anthropologists and sociologists chose were from the start very different:
(a) Whereas sociologists studied advanced societies—the anthropologists studied simple, primitive societies
(b) Whereas sociologists studied simple primitive societies, anthropologist studied advanced societies
(c) Whereas sociologists studied societies in the West, anthropologists studied mainly Eastern developing societies
(d) Whereas sociology studies modem industrial societies, anthropology studies pre-literate societies
Ans. (a)
81. Which is not appropriate? Sociologists and Social Anthropologists chose societies whose differences are more manifest than their similarities because:
(a) Of difference in their aims and scope
(b) Of historical factors
(c) Of difference in their method and approach
(d) Of difference in their subject-matter
Ans. (b)
82. Which social contract theorist believed that “state of nature was a state of peace, good will, mutual assistance and preservation”?
(a) Hobbes
(b) Locke
(c) Rousseau
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b)
83. According to which social contract theorist, men in the state of nature were “equal, self-sufficient and contented”?
(a) Hobbes
(b) Locke
(c) Rousseau
(d) None of the above
Ans. (d)
84. Society is not a make, but a growth. This view is related to:
(a) Patriarchal theory
(b) Matriarchal theory
(c) Divine origin theory
(d) Evolutionary theory
Ans. (d)
85. Socialisation is different from socialism because the latter is:
(a) Theory of future structure of society
(b) Concerned with the present structure of society
(c) Not concerned with social structure
(d) A way of social living and behaving
Ans. (a)
86. ‘Man is a social animal.’ Who said this?
(a) Maclver
(b) Freud
(c) Aristotle
(d) Rousseau
Ans. (c)
87. Ethnocentrism exists most of all because of:
(a) Human nature
(b) Socialization
(c) Man’s selfishness
(d) Patriotism
Ans. (b)
88. Ethnocentrism is:
(a) Altogether advantageous
(b) Altogether disadvantageous
(c) Advantageous and disadvantageous
(d) None of the above
Ans. (c)
89. The term Ethnocentrism is, derived from a Greek word ‘ethnos’ meaning:
(a) Mine
(b) Nation
(c) Community
(d) Race
Ans. (b)
90. Cultural relativity describes an attitude of _______ for cultural differences.
(a) Respect
(b) Admiration
(c) Abhorence
(d) Tolerance
Ans. (a)
91. Underlying cultural relativism is the principle of:
(a) Contextualism
(b) Universalism
(c) Cultural convergence
(d) Cultural parallelism
Ans. (a)
92. Which one of the following is not external characteristic of primary group?
(a) Physical closeness
(b) Size of the group
(c) Common background
(d) Consciousness of kind
Ans. (c)
93. Which of the following is not true of audience?
(a) The members maintain discipline
(b) The people have definite motive
(c) The people have no definite motive
(d) The efforts are made to maintain interest of the people
Ans. (c)
94. What is common between a crowd and the audience’? Both-
(a) have specific rules
(b) are governed by sentiments
(c) have common focus of attention
(d) depend on numerical strength
Ans. (c)
95. A group whose members can join as many groups as they like is called:
(a) vertical group
(b) horizontal group
(c) over-lapping group
(d) out group
Ans. (c)
96. A group which combines and mixes with the other group is known as:
(a) vertical group
(b) horizontal group
(c) in group
(d) social group
Ans. (d)
97. Specialization of labour and disappearance of mental and moral homogeneity of individuals, according to Durkheim, is associated with-
(a) Organic solidarity
(b) Corporate society
(c) Mechanical solidarity
(d) Primitive society
Ans. (a)
98. Lack of division of labour is characteristic of social system based on-
(a) Achieved values
(b) Mechanical solidarity
(c) Organic solidarity
(d) Caste system
Ans. (b)
99. Who has classified social system into ‘organic solidarity’ and ‘mechanical solidarity’?
(a) Durkheim
(b) Weber
(c) Morgan
(d) Tylor
Ans. (a)
100. Who has classified social system on the basis of solidarity?
(a) Maclver
(b) Morgan
(c) Kingsley Davis
(d) Durkheim
Ans. (d)
101. Classification of social system into hunting, pastoral, agricultural and industrial social system, has been made by-
(a) Marxists
(b) Idealists
(c) Evolutionists
(d) Diffusionists
Ans. (c)
102. It is a mistake to suppose that__________ is essential to society.
(a) absolute fidelity to norms
(b) deviation from norms
(c) no proscriptive norms
(d) no operative norms
Ans. (c)
103. ________ impinge directly upon a person’s self-conception.
(a) Values
(b) Customs
(c) Norms
(d) Folkways
Ans. (d)
104. In the absence of social norms there will be no:
(a) community
(b) marriage
(c) association
(d) society
Ans. (a)
105. A student who sees a friend cheating in an examination must choose between-
(a) Conflicting norms
(b) communal norm and associational norm
(c) ethical norms and social norm
(d) norms and values
Ans. (b)
106. Some groups are able to impose severe sanctions upon its members because the members have no-
(a) power
(b) alternatives
(c) status
(d) prestige
Ans. (d)
107. _____________ identify the individual with the group.
(a) Customs
(b) Habits
(c) Mores
(d) Conventions
Ans. (c)
108. _________ are the recognised or accepted ways of behaving in society.
(a) Values
(b) Roles
(c) Role-set
(d) Folkways
Ans. (d)
109. _____ prescribes those forms which social relations in given situations must follow.
(a) Convention
(b) Etiquette
(c) Fashion
(d) Norms
Ans. (a)
110. Law is a____ custom is a____.
(a) make, growth
(b) regulation, convention
(c) growth, social heritage
(d) none of the above
Ans. (b)
111. _____________ are spontaneous in origin.
(a) Fashions
(b) Folkways
(c) Statutes
(d) Laws
Ans. (b)
112. This aspect of self, when it operates at conscious level is called the conscience. It develops, largely unconsciously as the individual incorporates the values and norms of the society into the personality.
(a) Id
(b) Ego
(c) Super ego
(d) All of above
Ans. (c)
113. ‘Significant others’ in the process of socialization is-
(a) Community members
(b) Peer group
(c) Parents
(d) Children
Ans. (c)
114. Conforming, passive parts of the self is-
(a) I
(b) Me
(c) Id
(d) All of the above
Ans. (b)
115. Which is most appropriate?
(a) Friendliness is basic to mankind
(b) Animals do not learn
(c) Learned behaviour is highly limited among animals and when it does occur it dies with the individual organism, and each generation must learn all over again
(d) Learned behaviour is common among animals and easily transmitted through generations
Ans. (c)
116. Mead’s ‘Generalised others’ and ‘Significant others’ are creator of-
(a) I
(b) Me
(c) Super-ego
(d) Ego
Ans. (b)
117. Conflict occurs, due to-
(a) The differences in the rate of change of moral norms of society and the desire of men
(b) The disparity between the rate of change of religious knowledge and the choice of religion
(c) The differences between the society and its level of superstition
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
118. According to Darwin the cause of conflict is-
(a) The struggle of existence and the survival of the fittest
(b) Biological disintegration
(c) Disintegration of the members from the biological standard
(d) Scarcity of the sources of subsistence
Ans. (a)
119. Which of the following is a correct statement?
(a) Conflict is deliberate
(b) Conflict is not international
(c) Conflict is passive
(d) Conflict is in contradiction to assimilation
Ans. (a)
120. Mark the correct statement out of the following-
(a) Conflict is anti-thesis of Co-operation
(b) Conflict is not an anti-thesis of Co-operation
(c) Conflict has not relation with Co-operation
(d) All of the above
Ans. (a)
121. Which of the following factors retard the process of assimilation?
(a) Equal economic opportunity
(b) Toleration
(c) Sympathetic attitude of the dominating group
(d) Restrictions on the expansion of the dominant culture
Ans. (d)
122. The system under which a boy and a girl belonging to different castes are allowed to marry is known as:
(a) caste marriage
(b) indogamy
(c) exogamy
(d) inter-caste marriage
Ans. (d)
123. Which one of the following is NOT a direct advantage of indogamy?
(a) It helps in maintaining sense of unity
(b) It discourages theory of racial superiority
(c) It helps in maintaining traditional cultures
(d) Trade and business secrets do not go out of the family
Ans. (b)
124. The system under which the parents decide about life partners of their children is known as-
(a) probationary marriage
(b) arranged marriage
(c) love marriage
(d) exogamy marriage
Ans. (b)
125. Elementary system of marriage is characterised by___ marriage.
(a) endogamous
(b) exogamous
(c) preferential
(d) prohibitory
Ans. (c)
126. Promiscuity is a type of marriage which is-
(a) quite common in all advanced societies
(b) not in practice these days
(c) found in all agricultural societies
(d) found in economically backward families
Ans. (b)
127. The extended family if Garos is called___________.
(a) Machong
(b) Tarwad
(b) Ling
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
128. A Nairs family is called_________.
(a) Gotul
(b) Nokna
(b) Tarward
(d) Tavazhis
Ans. (c)
129. Find out the incorrect match:
(a) Garos-Machong
(b) Nairs-Tarwad
(b) Khasis-Zwg
(d) Gonds-Ka Khadduh
Ans. (d)
130. When the descent is traced through the mother it is_____________ family.
(a) matrilineal
(b) matrilocal
(c) matriarchal
(d) matripotestal
Ans. (a)
131. Sir Henry Maine’s name is associated with:
(a) sex communism theory
(b) patriarchal theory
(c) matriarchal theory
(d) theory of polygamy
Ans. (b)
132. Out of the following who has divided kinship into primary and secondary kinship?
(a) Elliot and Merill
(b) Ginsberg
(c) Gillin and Gillin
(d) R.M. Maclver
Ans. (d)
133. Who of the following has said that “Kinship systems are changing all the time. The change in structural parts are usually slow i.e. they usually emerge clearly in’ the course of generations”?
(a) H.M. Johnson
(b) A. Dumont
(c) Elliot & Merill
(d) Burgess
Ans. (a)
134. When a person is referred to as the father or the mother of his or her child, the kinship usage is called-
(a) amitate
(b) avoidance
(c) couvade
(d) teknonymy
Ans. (d)
135. Which one of the following is the advantage of rules of descent?
(a) Network of social positions is established
(b) Kinship system is strengthened
(c) Kinship hierarchy is established
(d) Kinship and social relationships are linked
Ans. (c)
136. The system under which a person inherits some but not all of his father’s consanguineal relatives is known as:
(a) patrilineal descent
(b) matrilineal descent
(c) bilateral descent
(d) none of the above
Ans. (c)
137. Which of the Five Year Plans stressed the need for National Policy for the Empowerment of Women?
(a) Seventh
(b) Ninth
(c) Fifth
(d) Sixth
Ans. (b)
138. In 1992, the Government of India set-up this statutory body to study and monitor all matters relating to the constitutional and legal safeguards provided for women. This body is known as-
(a) All India Women’s Association
(b) Department of child and women welfare
(c) Ministry of women and child welfare
(d) National Commission for Women
Ans. (d)
139. To ensure survival, protection and development of the girl child a national Plan of Action was adopted by the Government of India. Time frame of the plan was:
(a) 1991-2000
(b) 1995-2005
(c) 2001-2010
(d) 2006-2015
Ans. (a)
140. In S.N.D.T women’s university S.N.D.T stand for-
(a) Shree Naharbhai Damodar Thackersay
(b) Shree Naharbhai Diwakar Thackersay
(c) Shree Nathubhai Damodar Thackersay
(d) Shreemati Nathibai Damodar Thackersay
Ans. (d)
141. Dalit Jyotirao Phule (affectionately called Jyotiba) founded his first school for girls in-
(a) Calcutta
(b) Bombay
(c) Madras
(d) Poona
Ans. (d)
142. According to____________, social stratification originated on account of religious principles and customs.
(a) Hocart
(b) Risley
(c) Ghurye
(d) Senart
Ans. (a)
143. The word ‘Caste’ owes its origin to ____________ word ‘Casta’.
(a) Spanish
(b) German
(c) Latin
(d) Polynesian
Ans. (a)
144. Who maintained that basically, alienation involves compulsive conformity to norms?
(a) Weber
(b) Functionalists
(c) Marx
(d) Durkheim
Ans. (a)
145. Membership in the caste is _____________.
(a) ascribed
(b) given by the govt.
(c) achieved
(d) God’s gift
Ans. (a)
146. ___________ are stratified according to the principles of their consumption of goods as represented by special styles of life.
(a) Classes
(b) Status group
(c) Parties
(d) Castes
Ans. (b)
147. Who maintained that, tribe is a social group in which there are many clans, nomadic bands, villages or other sub-groups which usually have a definite geographical area, a separate language, a singular and distinct culture and either a common political organisation or at least a feeling of common determination against the strangers?
(a) Maclver
(b) Murdock
(c) Elwin
(d) Constitution of India
Ans. (b)
148. __________ originated on the basis of division of labour while ________came about because of the evolution of community feeling in a group inhabiting definite geographical area.
(a) Tribe, caste
(b) Caste, tribe
(c) Community, caste
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b)
149. Which of the following is a feature of industrialist society?
(a) occupational sub-cultures
(b) segmentalized roles
(c) impersonality of relationship
(d) all the above
Ans. (d)
150. The Indian Society is basically a/an _________ society.
(a) agrarian
(b) tribal
(c) semi-feudal
(d) semi-urban
Ans. (a)
151. The Konayak Naga designate boys dormitory as-
(a) yo
(b) arichu
(c) bon
(d) iloichi
Ans. (c)
152. The ____________ ceremony of the North West pacific coast Indians is the ceremony in which one chief and his group gave away goods, usually blankets and copper plaques, to another chief or chief and their groups.
(a) Gimwali
(b) Soulva
(c) Mwali
(d) Potlatch
Ans. (d)
153.____________ tends to create generalized reciprocity.
(a) Kin ties
(b) Material benefits
(c) Religious sanctions
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
154. Localization of industries is called ______________.
(a) territorial division of labour
(b) technical division of labour
(c) social division of labour
(d) occupational division of labour
Ans. (a)
155. Under-rights reporter from New Zealand, Melanesia and West Africa, several possessors use the same thing, say land, for different purpose-
(a) Joint property
(b) Group property
(c) Multiple possessory
(d) Communal
Ans. (c)
156. The Potlatch system of North West Pacific coast Indians is a significant example of-
(a) Reciprocity
(b) Redistribution
(c) Gimwali
(d) Mwali
Ans. (a)