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Mock Sociology Questions and Answers for IAS Exams!
1. Who is the exponent of the theory of cultural lag?
(a) A. L. Kroeber
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(b) W. Ogburn
(c) R. Linton
(d) L. T. Hobhouse
Ans. (b)
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2. Cultural lag is the difference between which of the following?
(a) Material cultures of the same society
(b) Non-material cultures of different societies
(c) Material and non-material culture of a society
(d) Economic and political culture of a society
Ans. (b)
3. Which of the following statements refer/refers to the idea of cultural relativism?
1. The coming into contact of two or more elements generally leads to transformation in different measures in the interacting cultures.
2. A culture influences people to attach a special meaning to certain objects, things and colours.
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Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) ‘2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (b)
4. Ethnocentrism is the tendency of individual to judge which one of the following?
(a) Their own culture in terms of others cultures
(b) Others’ cultures in terms of their own culture having belief of its superiority over the other cultures
(c) Other societies in terms of values existing in those societies
(d) Their own society in terms of restrictions imposed on the physical and social contact
Ans. (b)
5. Who among the following has coined the term ‘ethnocentrism’?
(a) A. Giddings
(b) W.G. Sumner
(c) E. Durkheim
(d) Max Weber
Ans. (b)
6. Which of the following statements refer/refers to the concept of acculturation?
1. Groups of individuals with different cultural traditions coming into contact and as a result experiencing changes in their original cultural patterns.
2. The situation that occurs when a technological invention, device or process is developed but the social setting cannot keep pace with changes.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (a)
7. Which of the following groups is best classified by the feature of an in-group?
(a) Primary group
(b) Secondary group
(c) Tertiary group
(d) Reference group
Ans. (a)
8. Which of the following denotes/denote the concept of primary group?
1. A social group whose members interact frequently with one another on a face-to-face basis, have intimate knowledge of one another and share emotional ties.
2. A group or category that people use to evaluate themselves and their behaviour.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (a)
9. Which of the following are the main features of a secondary group?
1. Members have intimate and co-operative relationships.
2. Its members maintain relatively limited, formal and impersonal relationships with one another.
3. It is generally a specific or specialised group with a well-defined division of labour.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
10. Which of the following, according to R. Merton, is the basis for the formation of reference group?
(a) Relative similarity
(b) Relative dissimilarity
(c) Relative deprivation
(d) Wealth and property
Ans. (c)
11. Assertion (A): In capitalist system of production, class conflict is inevitable which is much bitter than economic competition and bargaining.
Reason (R): Class conflict is the only source of institutional change.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
12. The Politics of Untouchability by O.M. Lynch was a study representing the socio-economic and political mobility of which of the following?
1. Nadars of Tamil Nadu
2. Jatavs of Agra
3. Mahars of Maharashtra.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) None of the above
Ans. (b)
13. Which of the following is correct?
1. Succession refers to transmission of office.
2. Inheritance refers to transmission of office.
3. Succession refers to “transmission of property.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) None of the above
Ans. (a)
14. The term ‘class’ signifies conflict groups that are generated by the differential distribution of authority in imperatively coordinated association that is organisation in which orders are given and taken.
Who among the following has explained class in this way?
(a) K. Marx
(b) C. W. Mills
(c) L. Coser
(d) R. Dahrendorf
Ans. (d)
15. Studies on jajmani system address to which of the following?
1. Type of relationships and reimbursement.
2. Relative magnitude of traditional economic interaction.
3. Kind of ecological unit appropriate for a study of economic interaction.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1,2and3
(b) 1 and2only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2 and 3 only
Ans. (b)
16. What specific interpretation has been given by T. Beidelman in respect of the jajmani system of Indian traditional society?
(a) Jajmani system provides socio-religious interdependence among the castes
(b) Jajmani system provides interchange of good and services among the castes
(c) Jajmani system provides welfare and economic interdependence among the castes
(d) Jajmani system provides exploitative mechanism whereby upper castes exploit lower castes
Ans. (d)
17. Which of the following is not a harbinger of cultural change?
(a) Contact with other cultures
(b) Revolution
(c) Spread of cultural traits
(d) Cultural conditioning
Ans. (b)
18. Which of the following anti-caste movement was founded in Bombay in 1875 and was accepted in Punjab by the caste Hindus?
(a) BrahmoSamaj
(b) Satya Shodak Samaj
(c) Ad-Dharmi movement
(d) Arya Samaj movement
Ans. (a)
19. Who among the following has stressed that tribe should be defined in terms of a continuum, of which at the one end are tribes and at the other end are the castes?
(a) David Mandelbaum
(b) F.G Bailey
(c) N. K. Bose
(d) M. N. Srinivas
Ans. (b)
20. Which of the following parties organised backward class movement in Madras in 1916?
(a) Republican Party
(b) Socialist Party
(c) Justice Party
(d) Revolutionary Party
Ans. (c)
21. Printing was first developed in China in the 6th century and slowly spread to rest of the world. This is an example of
(a) Cultural Diffusion
(b) Technological Revolution
(c) Cultural Hegemony
(d) Globalisation
Ans. (a)
22. Assertion (A)- The idea of modernisation has a profound appeal in the developing countries of the world. Reason (R)- It is not possible to hold up modernisation one sectors are getting modernised, except at a great strain to the social system.
(a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
23. Most of the peasant movements addressed to which problem?
(a) Land redistribution
(b) Power struggle by underprivileged castes
(c) Abolition of zamindari andjagirdari
(d) All of the above
Ans. (d)
24. The concept of cultural lag explain that:
(a) Changes in material culture are very slow
(b) Changes in non-material culture are faster changes in material culture
(c) Material culture changes faster than non-material culture
(d) Material and non-material cultures, more or less change at same pace
Ans. (c)
25. The term ‘cultural relativism’ is often contrasted with
(a) Cultural pluralism
(b) Ethnocentrism
(c) Cultural absolutism
(d) Cultural vacuum
Ans. (b)
26. Which one of the following was used by Durkheim to explain this theory of functionalism?
(a) Structural principles
(b) Organic analogy
(c) Psychological facts
(d) Evolutionary universals
Ans. (b)
27. Max Weber believed that sociology should focus on social action and not an structures because:
(a) Human individuals were capable of making choices and introducing changes.,
(b) Human beings were action-oriented
(c) He wanted to refute Marxist theory of class
(d) Human society is always conflict-ridden.
Ans. (b)
28. According to Robert Merton, people who reject both the existing values and the means of achieving them by attempting to reconstruct a new social system are called:
(a) Conformists
(b) Innovators
(c) Ritualists
(d) Rebels
Ans. (d)
29. Consider the following statements associated with norms and values:
1. Norms are enforced by positive and negative sanctions.
2. Norms define acceptable behaviour in specific situations.
3. Norms are not formalised by translation into laws.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
30. According to Robert Merton “When there is an acute disjunction between the cultural norms and goals and the structed capacities of members of the group to act in accord with them”, it leads to a situation of:
(a) Anomic
(b) Cultural degeneration
(c) Social mobility
(d) Structural transformation
Ans. (a)
31. According to K. Davis and W. Moore, what does social stratification imply?
(a) Inequality in the political and economic structure of a society
(b) Unequal division of material rewards and social prestige based on unequal functional importances of positions
(c) Inequality on the basis of market situation and life chance
(d) Unnecessary division of a society as all positions of a society are equally functionally important
Ans. (b)
32. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Functionalist approach to social change, as a whole tends to see the world as a mostly stable place.
(b) Many sociologists have criticised functionalism for its seeming inability to explain change.
(c) Historical materials approach to social change enjoys more of a connection to conflict theory and analyses of power in both social and economic manifestations.
(d) The historical materialist and functionalist interpretations are manually exclusive
Ans. (d)
33. Who among the following believes that ‘idea’ may independently affect the direction of social change?
(a) K. Davis
(b) Max Weber
(c) V. Pareto
(d) L.R. Burns
Ans. (b)
34. In the industrial society, the achieved status is a possible because of which one of the following?
(a) Acculturation
(b) Social mobility
(c) Role conflict
(d) Migration
Ans. (b)
35. Which one of the following is not correct about Daniel Bells’ consideration of post-industrial society?
(a) An analytical construct
(b) A paradigm to identify new axes of social stratification
(c) A picture of specific concrete society
(d) A specification of new dimensions in the social structure
Ans. (d)
36. Which of the following non-economic determinants of economic behaviour did not contribute to the growth of rational capitalism in West Europe and North America?
(a) The growth of the bureaucratic rational-legal state
(b) The charismatic ethical prophets/leaders
(c) The growth of transport and communication
(d) The protestant ethics
Ans. (b)
37. Who pointed out that economic behaviour of individuals in the “market situations” for exchange of goods and materials through “price-war” helps to segregate classes in the society?
(a) Max Weber
(b) Karl Marx
(c) T Veblen
(d) N.J. Smelser
Ans. (a)
38. Which one of the following of not an important source of politicisation of castes of India?
(a) Caste panchayats
(b) Caste journals
(c) Caste endogamy
(d) Caste association
Ans. (c)
39. Post-industrial society is characterised by which one of the following?
(a) Increasing goods-producing and manufacturing economic activities
(b) Increasing professional power of technical services as forms of economic
(c) Declining political power of technocrats and professionals
(d) Declining technical bureaucracy
Ans. (a)
40. Which one of the following is the type of society in which ascribed status of an individual determines a person’s social position?
(a) Industrial society
(b) Post-industrial society
(c) Pre-industrial society
(d) Modern society
Ans. (c)
41. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
The sexual behaviour of human beings are shaped largely by
(a) Imitation and social interaction
(b) Learning and cultural experience
(c) Teaching and psychological perception
(d) Persuasion and cultural practice
Ans. (b)
42. According to Talcott Parsons, which of the following are the functional prerequisites of the social system?
(a) Accommodation, goal, attainment, integration and adjustment
(b) Adjustment, adaptation, latency and integration
(c) Cooperation, goal attainment, integration and latency
(d) Adaptation, goal attainment, integration and latency
Ans. (d)
43. Which of the following characteristics prevail when members of a particular group consider another group as reference group?
1. Striving for admission
2. Mutual awareness
3. Conferral superiority
4. Emulation
5. Simple comparison
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 3, 5 and 6
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 3, 4, 5 and 6
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
44. What is the correct chronological sequence of the following in Social Change Theory propounded by T. Veblen?
1. Technological evolutionism
2. Instinct of workmanship
3. Change in habit and thought
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 1 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 2
(d) 2, 3 and 1
Ans. (a)
45. According to C.H. Cooley, which of the following features are related to primary group?
1. Adjustment
2. Fair play
3. Equality
4. Free expression
6. Willingness to sacrifice
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 6
(c) 1, 4, 5 and6
(d) 2, 3, 5 and 6
Ans. (b)
46. Assertion (A)- According to Durkheim, suicide rate is higher in highly industrialised societies.
Reason (R)- There is abnormal type of division of labour and anomie in such societies.
(a) Both A and R are individually true but R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
47. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
The view that every culture needs to be judged on its own terms is converse of
(a) Domination
(b) Ethnocentrism
(c) Enculturation
(d) Minoritism
Ans. (b)
48. Which one of the following is the process by which cultural traits spread from one culturally distinct group to another?
(a) Evolution
(b) Assimilation
(c) Accommodation
(d) Diffusion
Ans. (d)
49. Consider the following:
1. Plough
2. Nilgiri Hills
3. Taj Mahal
4. Pali Language
5. Rains
Which of the above are not examples of culture?
(a) 2 and 5 only
(b) 1 and 4 only
(c) 1 and 5 only
(d) 3 and 5 only
Ans. (a)
50. According to Robert Redfield, what are the four characteristics of the ‘Little Community’?
(a) Distinctiveness, Smallness, Homogeneity, Isolation
(b) Distinctiveness, Smallness, Homogeneity, Self- sufficiency
(c) Distinctiveness, Smallness, Homogeneity, Interdependence
(d) Self-sufficiency, Smallness, Homogeneity, Closed
Ans. (b)
51. Gujarat Kshatriya Sabha is an example of which one of the following?
(a) Caste panchayat
(b) Caste association
(c) Caste federation
(d) Caste system
Ans. (b)
52. In which of the following States/Union Territories, no community has been declared as a Scheduled Tribe?
(a) Goa, Gujarat and Uttar Pradesh
(b) Rajasthan, Tripura and West Bengal
(c) Kerala, Tamil Nadu and Maharashtra
(d) Haryana, Punjab and Puduchery
Ans. (d)
53. Consider the following are correct?
The consequences of social stratification, according to Tumin, are clearly seen in people’s
1. Life chances
2. Life styles
3. Institutional patterns of conduct
4. Values, attitudes and ideologies
5. Development trends
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4.
(b) 2, 3, 4 and 5
(c) 1, 4 and 5
(d) 2, 3 and 5
Ans. (d)
54. According to L.H. Morgan, which technological invention took the human society from barbarism to civilisation?
(a) Invention of bow and arrow
(b) Invention of striking fire
(c) Invention of phonetic alphabet
(d) Invention of wheel
Ans. (c)
55. Which one of the following is the correct statement? The analysis of the notions of pollution and purity have been included in the caste-ranking theory of
(a) interactional nature
(b) structural nature
(c) attributional nature
(d) traditional nature
Ans. (b)
56. According to M.N. Srinivas, which of the following are the criteria for determination of a dominant caste?
1. Control of land and economic resources
2. Numerical strength
3. Relatively high ritual status in the caste hierarchy
4. Clean occupations
5. Political authority
6. Educational status of its members
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 3, 4, 5 and 6
(c) 1, 2, 3 and 6
(d) 2, 3, 4 and 5
Ans. (a)
57. Consider the following statements- Sanskritisation is the process of
1. Orthogenetic change
2. Heterogenetic change
3. Change in cultural structure
4. Change in social structure
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 and 4
Ans. (a)
58. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
According to Max Weber, status groups are the dominant form of social differentiation in
(a) All societies
(b) Capitalist societies
(c) Socialist societies
(d) Pre-capitalist societies
Ans. (b)
59. Which one of the following sociologists considers caste as an extended kin group?
(a) GS. Ghurye
(b) McKim Marriott
(c) M. N. Srinivas
(d) Iravati Karve
Ans. (a)
60. Consider the following statements:
In a traditional political system, positions of authority may be supported by
1. Administration of justice
2. Contract
3. Collective hunts
4. Religious ceremonies
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 3 and 4 only
Ans. (d)
61. Will is primarily responsible for the emergence of
(a) Reference group
(b) Gesellschaft
(c) Gemeinschaft
(d) Secondary group
Ans. (a)
62. Which one of the following is asserted by the organic theory of society?
(a) The society is like a living/biological organism
(b) The society is unlike a human organism
(c) The units of society are fixed
(d) Each unit of a society performs definite universal function
Ans. (a)
63. Which one of the following facts, according to Lewis H. Morgan, distinguishes civilisation from the preceding stages in the revolution of human society?
(a) Technological inventions
(b) Scientific inventions
(c) Smelting of iron ores
(d) Invention of alphabets, phonetics and writing
Ans. (d)
64. Who among the following introduced the distinction of cultures into ideational and sensate categories?
(a) P. A. Sorokin
(b) Sigmund Freud
(c) A. L. Kroeber
(d) O. Spengler
Ans. (a)
65. What is the spread of cultural traits from one society to another commonly called?
(a) Acculturation
(b) Diffusion
(c) Enculturation
(d) Discrimination
Ans. (b)
66. What happens- “When change in material culture precede changes in adaptive culture, adjustments cannot start before change requiring them has taken place. But old customs persist and bring about quite harmful consequences”?
(a) Cultural deprivation
(b) Cultural lag
(c) Cultural diffusion
(d) Cultural determinism
Ans. (b)
67. What does cultural relativism mean?
(a) There are no universal cultural norms that we follow
(b) One’s view of social institutions is coloured by one’s cultural perspective
(c) Functions and meanings of cultural traits are according to their social settings
(d) The belief that one’s own culture is superior to others
Ans. (c)
68. What is a situation in which people regard their own cultural values to be universally valid and superior to all other cultures, called?
(a) Cultural absorption
(b) Accommodation
(c) Ethnocentrism
(d) Cultural ambivalence
Ans. (c)
69. Consider the following statements:
According to the functionalist perspective of Talcott Parsons, all societies must solve the functional problems of
1. Pattern maintenance
2. Goal attainment
3. Adaptation
4. Integration
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
70. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) C.H. Cooley – Primary group
(b) Talcott Parsons – Positivism
(c) R.K. Merton – Reference groups
(d) W.G Sumner – In-group, out-group
Ans. (b)
71. Who was the Maharaja under whose, patronage the Dalit movement flourished in Maharashtra?
(a) The Maharaja of Kolhapur
(b) The Maharaja of Raigarh
(c) The Maharaja of Nagpur
(d) The Maharaja of Amravati
Ans. (a)
72. Which of the following is an example of matrilineal kin group?
(a) Irula
(b) Kadar
(c) Khasi
(d) Toda
Ans. (c)
73. In which of the following States did the Naxalite Movement emerge in 1960s?
(a) Bihar
(b) West Bengal
(c) Orissa
(d) Madhya Pradesh
Ans. (b)
74. Consider the following statements:
Under matrilocal residence
1. Wife has to live in husband’s father’s house
2. Mother has to live in son-in-law’s house
3. Husband has to live in wife’s mother’s house
4. Father has to live in daughter-in-law’s house
Which of the above statements is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 only
(c) 3 only
(d) 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
75. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Patrilocality – Patrilineal
(b) Avunculocality – Matrilineal
(c) Matrilocality – Sororal Polygyny
(d) Bilocality – Double descent
Ans. (c)
76. Which one of the following statements is correct?
In “marumakkatthayam” practice inheritance is through
(a) The father
(b) The mother
(d) The maternal uncle
Ans. (d)
77. In which one of the following terminological systems, each term designates only one type of relative?
(a) Classificatory kinship terminology
(b) Kinship terminology
(c) Colloquial terminology
(d) Descriptive kinship terminology
Ans. (d)
78. What is the most important feature of the social system of the Manus tribe of Admiralty Islands which Margaret Mead called “Gentes”?
(a) Patrilineal clan
(b) Matrilineal clan
(c) Teknonymy
(d) Adelphic Pllyandry
Ans. (b)
79. Assertion (A)- The behaviour between maternal uncle and niece, and between mother-in-law and son-in-law fails under the same pattern.
Reason (R)- Both behaviours are classified assonance relationship.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
80. Assertion (A)- The role of maternal uncle in a matrilineal family is crucial to the extent of safeguarding his sister and her daughters.
Reason (R)- He is not custodian of his sister’s wealth and property.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
81. Which one of the following statements is correct? Commonality is important in a social group because
(a) It is related to the purposes or goals of the group
(b) It provides the basis for interaction within the group
(c) It generates norms that promote behaviours that are consistent with its cultural traits.
(d) Of all the above three reasons
Ans. (d)
82. Which one of the following is not the characteristic of a primary group?
(a) Intimacy
(b) Face to face association
(c) Impersonal relationship
(d) Physical proximity
Ans. (c)
83. Which one of the following is most forceful argument in respect of sex role differentiation?
(a) Biology determines sex role differentiation
(b) Culture provides seal on sex role differentiation
(c) Both biology and culture determine sex role differentiation
(d) Neither biology nor culture determines sex role differentiation.
Ans. (a)
84. Which of the following statements are correctly associated with Talcott Parsons concept of social system?
1. Social system means action system
2. Social system is a sub-system of action system
3. Social system is made up of action system
4. Social system is the system of interactive relationships of two or more individual actions
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 2 and 4
Ans. (d)
85. When the gap between aspiration and achievement becomes especially taxing, the outcome is defined as:
(a) Status conflict
(b) Status frustration
(c) Status strain
(d) Status insignia
Ans. (b)
86. Status over which the individual has absolutely no choice is known as:
(a) Ascribed status
(b) Master status
(c) Achieved status
(d) Key status
Ans. (a)
87. Incompatible expectations lead to:
(a) Role squeeze
(b) Double role
(c) Role conflict
(d) Role mix
Ans. (c)
88. Consider the following:
1. Movement of traits through space and time
2. Diffusion of traits can be traced
3. Diffusion can be direct or indirect
Which of the above are the features of diffusion?
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 2
Ans. (c)
89. Which among the following is not a functional prerequisite of a society?
(a) Provision for adequate physiological functioning for its members
(b) Replacement of members
(c) Provision of disruptive forces
(d) A system of distribution
Ans. (c)
90. Which one of the following statements is correct in respect of a society and a group?
(a) Society is better organised than a group
(b) A group is better organised than society
(c) Both group and society are equally organised
(d) Both group and society are disorganised
Ans. (b)
91. Consider the following statements:
1. Auguste Comte theorised that society progresses from theological of positive states.
2. According to Hobhouse, there are five stages of social thought from articulate thought in primitive societies to modern scientific thought in modern society.
3. Marx propounded a theory of natural progress of societies from primitive communism to socialism.
4. Toynbee talked to progress of civilisations.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (b)
92. Consider the following statements:
The specialised division of labour that typifies industrial society is based on
1. Hierarchical principle of authority.
2. Hierarchical principle of inequality.
3. Hierarchical principle of control.
4. Hierarchical principle of equality
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1 and 2
Ans. (c)
93. Consider the following:
1. Size
2. Density
3. Solidarity
4. Culture
5. Social density
6. Regulation
According to Durkheim, which of the above determine the degree of division of labour in the society?
(a) 1, 3 and 5
(b) 2, 4 and 6
(c) 2 and 5
(d) 2, 3 and 6
Ans. (d)
94. Which one of the following is the correct sequence in Comte’s theory of change?
(a) Theological – Positive – Metaphysical
(b) Theological – Metaphysical – Positive
(c) Metaphysical – Theological – Positive
(d) Positive – Metaphysical – Theological
Ans. (b)
95. According to Max Weber, which non-economic factor influences economic behaviour?
(a) Family relations
(b) Politics
(c) Religion
(d) Culture
Ans. (c)
96. Consider the following statements:
1. Market capitalism
2. Multinational consumer capitalism
3. Imperial capitalism
4. Globalising capitalism
Select the correct sequential order of the above in regard to emergence of market (free) economy:
(a) 4, 3, 2 and 1
(b) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(c) 4, 2, 3 and 1
(d) 1, 3, 2 and 4
Ans. (d)
97. Consider the following statements-
Cities grow wherever-
1. There is a surplus of resources.
2. A society or a group within it gains control over resource which are greater than those necessary for the mere sustenance of life.
3. There is enough manpower
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 2 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (d)
98. Assertion (A)- Urbanisation refers to relocation of population in society.
Reason (R)- Urban people are more mobile than their rural counterparts.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the ^ correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but is R true.
Ans. (d)
99. Who of the following has pointed out that there is no clear-cut demarcation to tell where the city ends and country begins?
(a) R. M. Maclver
(b) J. Madge
(c) E. Mayo
(d) W. McDougall
Ans. (d)
100. The major concern of social demography is the-
(a) Contemporary problem of the relation of population trends to social and economic development
(b) Relationship between aggregate demographic phenomena and regularities in other social and individual units of human behaviour
(c) Analysis of how general, social and cultural factors are related to population structure and process
(d) Study of size, composition and distribution of population at the present time
Ans. (d)
101. By virtue of the Constitution (65th Amendment) Act, 1990, the Special Officer post under Article 338 of the Constitution has been substituted by:
(a) National Board for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(b) National Commission for Schedule Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(c) National Council for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
(d) National Committee for Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes
Ans. (b)
102. Assertion (A)- At the time of the framing of the Constitution of India, reservation of jobs for the Scheduled Castes was intended for a specified period.
Reason (R)- Constitutional provisions in respect of reservation of jobs for the Scheduled Castes have not ensured their social and economic upliftment within the period specified.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but is R true.
Ans. (b)
103. A federation of social service agencies for tribal welfare working in different parts of the country, called Bharatiya Adimjati Sevak Sangh, was formed in 1948 under the presidentship of:
(a) Dr. Rajendra Prasad
(b) Jawaharlal Nehru
(c) Jayaprakash Narayan
(d) Dr. B. R. Ambedkar
Ans. (d)
104. The main provision of the Sixth Schedule of the Constitution of India deals with:
(a) Reservation in the Government job
(b) Preservation of tribal lands
(c) Autonomy in administration in the tribal areas of North-East India
(d) Reservation in educational institutions.
Ans. (c)
105. Which article of the Constitution of India states that the State must provide for just and humane conditions of work and maternity relief?
(a) Article 39
(b) Article 42
(c) Article 23
(d) Article 15
Ans. (b)