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Questions and Answers on Sociology for Competitive Exams!
1. Consider the following statements:
According the Raymod Firth, a social organisation is concerned with choices and decisions involved in actual social relations; while the concept of social structures deals with
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1. Social facts which are distinct from individual facts and are external to the individual.
2. An arrangement of parts related to one another in some sort in a larger unity.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
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(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (b)
2. One of the critical ideas inherent in the concept of social system is that social system has emergent properties of its own over and above the properties of its elements. Who among the following has criticised the idea?
(a) C. Wright Mills
(b) A. Giddens
(c) A. R. Radcliff-Brown
(d) R. Merton
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Ans. (b)
3. Which of the following statements refer/refers to the meaning of a social system?
1. Social system consists of a plurality of all actors interacting directly or indirectly with each other in a bounded situation.
2. Such diverse sets of relationships as families, political parties, kinship groups and even whole societies can be regarded as social system.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
4. Under which of the following conditions does behaviour become an action?
1. When behaviour is oriented to attainment of goals,
2. When behaviour occurs in situations that require the behaviour to be regulated by norms and values of society.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
5. When do role conflicts arise?
(a) When one performs multiple roles
(b) When one’s roles are ill-defined
(c) When the role assigned is not in agreement with one’s status
(d) All of the above three
Ans. (d)
6. Which one of the following is correct?
Sanctions are the-
(a) Means of controlling human behaviour rewards and punishments
(b) Means of controlling human behaviour only through punishments
(c) Means of controlling human behaviour only through rewards
(d) Behavioural control which involve neither rewards nor punishments
Ans. (a)
7. Which one of the following sociologists argued that deviance is a consequence of gap between cultural goals and institutional means of achieving them?
(a) R. Merton
(b) Emile Durkheim
(c) Auguste Comte
(d) Talcott Parsons
Ans. (a)
8. Consider the following statements:
1. Advocates of capitalism argue that business enterprises, even large ones, are voluntary associations of autonomous individuals who think they can do better for themselves if they work together cooperatively.
2. According to the concession theory of the corporation, the corporation’s unique legal status is a governmental creation. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (b)
9. Which one of the following statements refers to the process of re-socialisation?
(a) Family is the group that satisfy and meets all the needs of its members
(b) A school meets the desired needs of the children and the school teachers are socialising agents
(c) In a work-place, a person is often required to alter one’s behaviour pattern and imbibe new social values
(d) Individuals learn new norms and values as they become adults
Ans. (c)
10. What is the term given to the process whereby an individual or a group emulates the values, norms and behaviour patterns of a group other than to which one belongs before becoming its member?
(a) Secondary socialisation
(b) Anticipatory socialisation
(c) Re-socialisation
(d) Intensive socialisation
Ans. (b)
11. Who among the following has pointed out “In a system of cumulative inequalities, privilege, property and power are combined in the same individuals and the socially under-privileged are also economically and politically deprived”?
(a) Anand Chakravarti
(b) Andare Betaille
(c) M.N. Srinivas
(d) S.C.Dube
Ans. (c)
12. Which one of the following organisation was founded by Dr. Annie Besant in Madras in 1917?
(a) National Council of Women in India
(b) Young Women’s Christian Association of India
(c) Women’s Indian Association
(d) All India Women’s Conference
Ans. (c)
13. Which of the following are the sources of funding for State Tribal Sub-Plan (TSP)?
1. State Plan outlay
2. Special Central As distance (SCA)
3. Institutional finance
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
14. Which of the following provisions of the Constitution of India deals with the administration of Scheduled Areas and Tribes Areas?
(a) Article 249
(b) Article 246
(c) Article 244
(d) Article 239
Ans. (c)
15. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Social change is essentially a process of alteration with no reference to the quality of change
(b) Social change is a value- laden concept
(c) Social change can vary in its scope and in speed
(d) Social change originates from endogenous as well as exogenous sources
Ans. (b)
16. Who among the following has provided the concept of “Flow of space” having tremendous significance for understanding information society?
(a) A. Gouldner
(b) A. Toffler
(c) A. Giddens
(d) M. Castells
Ans. (a)
17. Who has defined a post-industrial society as a “game between persons” in which an intellectual technology based on information rises?
(a) Daniel Bell
(b) Malcolm Waters
(c) Harold Garfinkel
(d) Talcott Parsons
Ans. (a)
18. Which one of the following States, (in comparison amongst them) has the highest percentage of its population as Scheduled Tribes?
(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Mizoram
(c) Meghalaya
(d) Nagaland
Ans. (b)
19. In which of the following States of India are the Jarawa, Shompens and Onges tribes found?
(a) Andaman & Nicobar Islands
(b) Arunachal Pradesh
(c) Chhattisgarh
(d) Uttarakhand
Ans. (a)
20. What is an economic system in which technicians professionals are the pre-eminent social group and in which service industries are more important than manufacturing, known as?
(a) Achieving society
(b) Socialist society
(c) Post-industrial society
(d) Late-capitalist society
Ans. (c)
21. Theoretically speaking, the concept of ‘Social system’ in sociology is used by those who work with:
(a) Critical perspective
(b) Functionalist perspective
(c) Marxist perspective
(d) Phenomenological perspective
Ans. (b)
22. Assertion (A) – Ascribed and achieved statues are basically different yet they interact and may overlap each other.
Reason (R) – At many points the boundaries between ascribed and achieved statuses are indistinct, yet the concepts are useful.
(a) Both A and Rare true Rand is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (b)
23. Assertion (A)- Goods are services do not automatically satisfy social and biological wants of acquire the material resources.
Reason (R)- There has to be some organised system of behaviour that enables human being to create and acquire the material resources.
(a) Both A and Rare true Rand is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
24. Assertion (A): The differences among groups and resolved permanently in accommodation.
Reason (R): Accommodation is mainly an unconscious activity.
(a) Both A and Rare true Rand is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are true and R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (d)
25. Who authored Folkways which includes sex mores, the marriage institution and incest?
(a) F. Engles
(b) William G Summer
(c) George Murdock
(d) B. Cardon Hardy
Ans. (b)
26. In the literature on kinship, the practice of fraternal polyandry has been associated particularly with which region of India?
(a) Western Himalaya region
(b) Central Plains region
(c) North-Eastern hill region
(d) Gangetic plains region
Ans. (a)
27. Which one of the following statements is not correct?
(a) Marriage is a sacreament. This means that a marriage cannot be dissolved.
(b) Marriage is a contract. This means that a marriage can be terminated.
(c) The notice that marriage is indissoluble has gradually been eroded and through legislation the right of divorce has been introduced in all legal system in India.
(d) Only among the Muslim, marriage is a contract and divorce is allowed
Ans. (d)
28. Tebhaga Movement was organised primarily for:
(a) Two-third share or the sharecroppers
(b) Higher wages for the agricultural labourers
(c) Lower rent for the landlord
(d) Increase in wages for women labourers
Ans. (a)
29. The social group in which a person is born is referred to as which one of the following?
(a) The Family of socialisation
(b) The Family of procreation
(c) The Family of recreation
(d) The Family of orientation
Ans. (d)
30. The different between the Kotamb and the matamal among Kashmiri Pandits refers in the difference between-
(a) Agnates and non-agnatic cognates
(b) Biological and rural relationship
(c) Primary and secondary kin
(d) Mother’s sister’s family and mother’s brother’s family
Ans. (a)
31. Consider the following statements about economic system of simple societies:
1. Larger number of simple societies practise cultivation of same fields year after year.
2. Hunting and gathering societies live by hunting animals only.
3. The buffalo herders of Nilgiri Hills of Tamil Nadu and sheep and goat herders of Jammu and Kashmir are examples of postoral communities.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
32. Which Article of the Constitution of India has a provision specifying a particular tribe as a Scheduled Tribe?
(a) Article 342
(b) Article 343
(c) Article 344
(d) Article 345
Ans. (d)
33. Under which plan, a square sub-plan was made for tribals to promote Integrated Tribal Development?
(a) First Five Year Plan
(b) Third Five Year Plan
(c) Fourth Five Year Plan
(d) Fifth Five Year Plan
Ans. (d)
34. Consider the following statements:
In the year 1991, India adopted a pro-market strategy which means that India.
1. Liberalised its internal regulatory framework.
2. Reduced tarrifs.
3. Adopted appropriate exchange rate policies.
4. Allowed foreign investors to play a significant role in the economy.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
35. Which are the main features of the controlled (planned) economy in India?
1. The policies of ‘garibi hatao’
2. Anti-poverty policies like land reforms
3. Putting the weight of the state behind agricultural production.
4. Controlling the economy through public sector economic units.
Select the correct answer using he code given below:
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
36. Consider the following statements about market exchange:
1. Market exchange is a purely economic model of commercial exchange.
2. Market exchange does not determine.
3. Market exchange make possible the transfer of goods among known person.
Which of the statements given below is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
37. Increased affluence leads industrial workers to adopt middle class values and style of life. This process is termed by J.H. Goldthrope as which one of the following?
(a) Bourgeoisation of workers
(b) Embourgeoisation of workers
(c) Affluent workers
(d) Middle class workers
Ans. (b)
38. What are the theorists who believe in the relative autonomy of the capitalist state called?
(a) Instrumentalists
(b) Structural neo-Marxists
(c) Pluralists
(d) Elitists
Ans. (a)
39. ‘The Urban Villagers’- a study conducted by Herbert J. Gans, deals with which one of the following:
(a) Blacks in America
(b) Scandinavians
(c) Italian-Americans
(d) Yorubas
Ans. (b)
40. Consider the following statements:
1. Orthogenetic cities carry forward native tradition.
2. Cross-cultural contacts are frequently established in orthogentic cities.
3. Orthogentic cities carry forward primary urbanisation
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (c)
41. Which of the following statements reflect the traits of ‘Global Cities’ as stated by S. Sassen?
1. They are centres of direction and policy making of the global economy.
2. They are key locations for financial and specialised service firms.
3. They are markets on which the ‘product’ of financial and service industries are bought, sold or otherwise disposed of
4. They are characterised by a high level of population density.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
42. Consider the following forms of institutional relations:
1. Social action
2. Social institutions
3. Community
4. Social relations
Max Weber brought together which of the above forms for developing a theory or urban community?
(a) 1, 3 and 4
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
43. Which group of the following cities were studied by S. Sassen in 1991 to develop the concept of global city?
(a) New York, London and Tokyo
(b) New York, Paris and Boston
(c) London, Milano and Chicago
(d) Tokyo, New York and Moscow
Ans. (a)
44. Elmo Roper listed four incentives to increase motivate towards works in industry. The first three were security, advancement and human dignity. What was the fourth one?
(a) Feeling of belongingness
(b) Feeling of identity
(c) Feeling of confidence
(d) Feeling of usefulness
Ans. (d)
45. According to Karl Marx, which does alienation imply?
(a) Dispossession of wealth
(b) Dispossession of power
(c) Dehumanisation of human being
(d) Exploitation of workers
Ans. (c)
46. Consider the following statements:
1. The concentric zone model of urban growth provided early students of urban sociology with empirical observations and analyses of urban growth.
2. The newer metropolis reassembles the concentric zone model class than it does the multiple nuclei theory.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
47. If population in cities increases because of natural factors rather than migration, what is the process known as?
(a) Urbanisation
(b) Pseudo urbanisation
(c) Cultural mosaic
(d) Internal mobilisation
Ans. (a)
48. Which one of the following is/are the salient functions of a pressure group in a capitalist system?
1. Bargaining for wage
2. To demand better work condition
3. To demand better employer and employee relations
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
49. What does the end of ideology theory refer to?
(a) Loss of workers’ dependence on political ideology
(b) Decline in workers political participation
(c) Workers disbelief in all ideologies
(d) Workers increasing participation in party politics and elections
Ans. (b)
50. According to the data of the Census of India 2001 what is the percentage of urban population of total population in India?
(a) Between 22%-25%
(b) Between 26% -29%
(c) Between 30%-33%
(d) Between 34% – 36%
Ans. (b)
51. Studies that do not take into account the dimension of time fall into which one of the following categories?
(a) Diachronic
(b) Synchronic
(c) Static
(d) Dialectic
Ans. (b)
52. Consider the following Weberian classification of types of action:
1. Traditional action
2. Zweckrational action
3. Wertrational action
4. Affective action
What is the correct sequence of the above classification of types of action?
(a) 1, 4, 3 and 2
(b) 1, 3, 4 and 2
(c) 2, 4, 3 and 1
(d) 2, 3, 4 and 1
Ans. (a)
53. The term role-conflict refers to which one of the following situations?
(a) Two individuals with conflicting interests try to work together.
(b) An individual faces two or more conflicting expectations
(c) Two individuals with differing specialisations try to do a similar kind of work
(d) An individual is confronted with a situation where she/he is expected to deliver more than what she/he is capable of.
Ans. (b)
54. Who developed the term role-set and why?
(a) Max Weber to connote a sense of collectivity in society
(b) Karl Marx and F. Engels to describe production process in capitalist societies
(c) T. Parsons and R. Merton to connote the complement of role relationships which persons have by virtue of occupying a particular social status.
(d) R. Linton and S.F. Nadel to connote a sense of solidarity among persons of equal status.
Ans. (c)
55. What does sexism refer to?
(a) The belief that men are inherently superior to women
(b) The state of sexual promiscuity
(c) The tendency to treat women as sexual objects only
(d) A process of liberation of women from the traditional bondage.
Ans. (a)
56. Which one of the following correctly defines the concept of social norms?
(a) Shared expectations of behaviour that connote what is considered socially desirable and appropriate.
(b) The patterns of behaviour that are considered ideal and satisfy the actor
(c) Cultural meanings assigned to a particular action independently the wishes of the actor
(d) Some definite ideas about what is wrong and what is right irrespective of the social context
Ans. (a)
57. Who among the following used the concept of relative deprivation?
(a) Karl Marx in his theory of exploitation
(b) Max Weber in his theory of class inequality
(c) Robert Merton in his theory of reference group behaviour
(d) Emile Durkheim in his theory of suicide
Ans. (c)
58. Which one of the following is the correct statement? According to Emile Durkheim, deviance has a positive function also, because
(a) It helps in keeping cultural purity intact
(b) It helps in legitimising the need for state and police
(c) It helps in bringing about change in society
(d) It helps individuals take out their frustrations
Ans. (c)
59. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
(a) Strong belief in a common morality
(b) A lack of common morality
(c) A feudal bent of mind
(d) A primitive type of culture
Ans. (a)
60. How are people who have something in common but may not be interacting with one another or gathering in one place referred as?
(a) Social group
(b) Secondary group
(c) Primary group
(d) Social category
Ans. (d)
61. Nuer, a pastoral society in Southern Sudan was studied by which one of the following sociologists?
(a) E.E. Evans-Pritchard
(b) G.P. Murdock
(c) Kingsley Davis
(d) Oliver C. Cox
Ans. (a)
62. What is the phenomenon of alienation in capitalist society due to?
(a) The separation of worker from the means of production
(b) Its capacity of produce surplus value
(c) Labour market conditions
(d) Antagonistic class conflicts
Ans. (a)
63. In which one of the following types of societies, the status of women is relatively better?
(a) Industrial society
(b) Tribal society
(c) Agrarian society
(d) Post-industrial society
Ans. (d)
64. According to Polanyi, what is the central principle of Trobriand economy?
(a) Reciprocity
(b) Redistribution
(c) Market exchange
(d) Allocation
Ans. (a)
65. In simple societies people used elementary tools; subsequently which of the following activities gradually replaced their hunting life with new forms of economic organisation?
(a) Pottery-making and weaving of wool
(b) Fishing and iron-smelting
(c) Domestication of animals and agriculture
(d) Spinning wheel and fire-making
Ans. (d)
66. Consider the following statements about industrial society:
1. A new system of production, distribution and exchange
2. Extreme division of labour, specialisation and segmented roles
3. Trend from contract to status
4. Impetus towards individualism and impersonality
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1 and 4
Ans. (b)
67. In his monumental work “The Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism”, Weber suggests that the basic values of Protestantism have influenced capitalism. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
The above statement revealed that Weber has
(a) Altogether ruled out the role of economic factors in social change
(b) Duly recognised economic factor in social change
(c) Duly recognised economic factor but has attached prior importance to non-economic factors
(d) Advocated the role of bureaucracy
Ans. (c)
68. Consider the following tribal development measures:
1. U.N. Dhebar Commission on Scheduled Area and Scheduled Tribes
2. The Task Force on Development of Tribal Areas (Prof. Vidyarthi Committee)
3. P. Shilu Ao Commission on Tribal Development Programmes
4. Vernier Elvin Committee on Multipurpose Tribal Development Blocks
Which is the correct chronological sequence of the above measures?
(a) 3, 2, 4 and 1
(b) 4, 1, 3 and 2
(c) 3, 1, 4 and 2
(d) 4, 2, 3 and 1
Ans. (c)
69. Consider the following statements- SNDP Movement in Kerala focused on-
1. The right of admission to schools
2. Reservation in government jobs
3. Scheduling of deprived castes
4. Entry into temple roads
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 4
Ans. (d)
70. In which one of the following communities are both polygamy and polyandry encouraged?
(a) Khasi
(b) Garo
(c) Naga
(d) Nair
Ans. (c)
71. Which one of the following statements in respect of status is not correct?
(a) Status is the rank-order position
(b) Status is a position in the general institutional system
(c) Status is the worth of a person as estimated by a group
(d) Status is a cultural attribute of an individual
Ans. (d)
72. Which one of the following statements is correct?
The concept of social role, according to E. Goffrnan has originated in a
(a) Theatrical setting
(b) Social life
(c) System of social stratification
(d) The process of role adaptation
Ans. (b)
73. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) A. R. Radcliffe Brown – Four functional prerequisites
(b) R. K. Merton – Reference groups
(c) Emile Durkheim – Social facts
(d) E.H. Cooley – Primary and secondary groups
Ans. (a)
74. Who regards deviance as functional for society?
(a) A. Cohen
(b) E. Durkheim
(c) R. K. Merton
(d) L. K. White
Ans. (b)
75. What does law in a society mean?
1. To transform informal social norms into formal ones
2. To elevate vague obligations and privileges into rights and duties
3. A realm of formal obligation
4. A fear imposed on people to avoid certain actions Select the correct answer using the codes given below-
(a) 1, 2 and 4
(b) 1, 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
76. Consider the following factors about socialisation, as conceived by Sigmund Freud:
1. ‘Super-ego’ develops in an individual when the latter assimilates his/her parent’s ideas of right and wrong
2. The rational part of the individual’s ‘id’ takes the form of ego
3. The individual’s organism contacts the external world
4. Innate tendencies, stored in the’ id’ seek satisfaction in the external world
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the factors given above?
(a) 2, 1, 4 and 3
(b) 4, 3, 2 and 1
(c) 2, 3, 4 and 1
(d) 4, 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
77. What is the process, under which one culture merges itself with the dominant culture, called?
(a) Adaptation
(b) Accommodation
(c) Assimilation
(d) Acculturation
Ans. (c)
78. What is the most important and basic factors for social integration according to the functionalists?
(a) Value consensus
(b) Maintenance of relative stability
(c) Structural interdependence
(d) Condition of anomie
Ans. (a)
79. Which one of the following is not covered under the “Element of Social Structure”?
(a) Deviation
(b) Observance
(c) Sanction
(d) Group action
Ans. (a)
80. What are social norms?
(a) Rules whose observance is expected in a society
(b) Laws whose violation invariably leads to punishment
(c) Principles accepted as normal by sociology
(d) Codes which are prescribed in sacred texts
Ans. (a)
81. Consider the following types of society:
1. Bourgeois society
2. Primitive Communism
3. Feudal society
4. Ancient society
Which one of the following is the correct chronological sequence of these societies as conceived by Karl Marx?
(a) 3, 1, 2 and 4
(b) 2, 4, 3 and 1
(c) 3, 4, 2 and 1
(d) 2, 1, 3 and 4
Ans. (b)
82. In which one of the following concepts has M.N. Srinivas explained caste mobility as a process of social and cultural change?
(a) Sanskritisation
(b) Secularisation
(c) Westernisation
(d) Modernisation
Ans. (a)
83. Who among the following has referred to integrative orientation and alienating orientation as two types of social movements?
(a) Rajni Kothari
(b) Andre Beteille
(c) Kathleen Gough
d) Yogendra Singh
Ans. (d)
84. Who looks into social stratification as ‘the unequal division of material rewards and social prestige’?
(a) Max Weber
(b) Kingsley Davis and Wilbert Mdore
(c) Karl Marx
(d) MelvinTumin
Ans. (d)
85. According to Karl Marx, where does the capitalist class derive profit from?
(a) Absolute control over property
(b) The surplus values created by the workers
(c) Greater investment of capital to production
(d) Increase of means of production
Ans. (b)
86. Which of the following is not an essential feature of social movement?
(a) Collective mobilisation
(b) Revolution
(c) Ideology
(d) Orientation towards change
Ans. (b)
87. Which one of the following was a peasant movement?
(a) Khalifat Movement
(b) Women’s Liberation Movement
(c) Telengana Movement
(d) Jharkhand Movement
Ans. (c)
88. Which of the following is net a criterion of caste?
(a) Hereditary occupation
(b) Endogamy
(c) Exogamy
(d) Hierarchy
Ans. (c)
89. Who among the following has/have used the concept of “unitary coded substance” that explains the process of pollutions among Hindus?
(a) Pauline Kolenda
(b) McKim Marriott an R.B. Inden
(c) M.N. Srinivas
(d) T.N. Madan
Ans. (b)
90. With whom among the following are the concepts universalisation and parochialisation associated?
(a) Robert R.Marret
(b) McKim Marriott
(c) R. Redfield
(d) Meyer Fortes
Ans. (b)
91. Henry Maine maintained the view that originally families were
(a) Patriarchal and patrilineal
(b) Matriarchal and matrilineal
(c) Group oriented and bi lineal
(d) Exogamous and unilineal
Ans. (a)
92. Who among the following has differentiated between “book view” and “field view”?
(a) A. R. Desai
(b) G.S. Ghurya
(c) M.N. Srinivas
(d) I.P. Desai
Ans. (a)
93. The system under which mother’s brother gets prominent place in kinship usage is known as
(a) Couvade
(b) Amitate
(c) Avuncular
(d) Teknonymy
Ans. (c)
94. The descendants of a common male ancestor are called
(a) Agnates
(b) Cognates
(c) Lineal kin
(d) Collateral kin
Ans. (a)
95. The residence rule that gives choice to the newly-weds to live with the parents of either the groom or the bride is known as:
(a) Avunculocal
(b) Neolocal
(c) Biolocal
(d) Patrilocal
Ans. (c)
96. Who has introduced the word ‘hierarchy’ in the context of caste stratification and assumed Indian society to be hierarchical?
(a) L. Durnont
(b) M.N. Srinivas
(c) S.C. Dube
(d) F. Bailey
Ans. (a)
97. Life chances are facts. They describe the actual material benefits and opportunities of a group, whether or not the members of the group recognise these facts. What kind of inequality does difference in life chances imply?
(a) Objective inequalities
(b) Subjective inequalities
(c) Difference in life styles patterns
(d) Difference in consumption
Ans. (a)
98. The broad meaning of Sanskritisation is
(a) Horizontal mobility
(b) Cultural upward mobility
(c) Structural mobility
(d) Parochialisation
Ans. (b)
99. Aspirations for improvement in caste-status are common but it is not achieved unless a caste acquires
(a) Ritual purity
(b) Group acceptance
(c) Power and privilege
(d) Official connections
Ans. (c)
100. Assertion (A)- Caste is nothing more than the systematisation of occupational differentiation.
Reason (R)- The hereditary association of a caste with an occupation is striking.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but is R true.
Ans. (c)
101. The migration of people from rural to urban areas, according to Philip M. Hauser is known as:
(a) Population implosion
(b) Population displosion
(c) Population technoplosion
(d) Population periplosion
Ans. (b)
102. Which one of the following pairs with regard to cities is not correctly matched?
(a) Non-agrarian activities – Trade and commerce
(b) Voluntary associations – Interest groups
(c) Superficiality – Urban glamour
(d) Social mobility – Static population
Ans. (d)
103. A development of evolution in a direction which satisfies rational criterion of value is also known as:
(a) Development
(b) Evolution
(c) Progress
(d) Revolution
Ans. (c)
104. The study of spatial distribution of social groups, the physical complexion and patterns of growth of an urban community is known as:
(a) Urban Geography
(b) Urban Morphology
(c) Urban ecology
(d) Urban topology
Ans. (a)
105. Demography falls within the realm of sociology because:
(a) Population as independent variable can explain the social structure of the society
(b) Population as a factor can explain the process of economic development
(c) It can help in the understanding of political process operating the society
(d) All of the above three factors
Ans. (d)
106. The term ‘Political socialisation’ was used by
(a) Herbert Hyman
(b) Herbert Spencer
(c) Almond Powell
(d) Easton and Dannis
Ans. (c)