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Are you preparing for IAS examination? Here are few questions on Sociology that are more likely to come in IAS exam of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland.
1. Relative deprivation is the basis of
(a) Looking glass self-theory
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(b) Psycho-analytical theory
(c) Reference group theory
(d) Cultural relativism
Ans. (c)
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2. Which of the following characteristics distinguishes man from the other animals?
(a) Ability to stand erect
(b) Ability to adapt to the environment
(c) Ability to make tools
(d) Ability to live in a group
Ans. (c)
3. Assertion (A)- The father who has to be the loving parent, faces the problem of role-strain because he finds it necessary to disciple his son with stern measures.
Reason (R)- Role-strain is a feeling of difficulty or stress in fulfilling the demands of one’s role obligations.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
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(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
4. Assertion (A)- Durkheim observed that crime is an integral part of all healthy societies.
Reason (R)- All deviant acts are not criminal.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (b)
5. Assertion (A)- Secondary groups are more influential in industrial society than in tribal and agrarian societies.
Reason (R)- Industrial society has more technical and complex system.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
6. Assertion (A)- The forces, making for industrialisation, work to the detriment of religion.
Reason (R)- Religion is an internal attitude which is not easily amenable to observation and measure.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (b)
7. A group organised on the basis of the common ancestry of its members is called:
(a) Primary group
(b) Secondary group
(c) In-group
(d) Descent group
Ans. (d)
8. The term ‘Couvade’ refers to a:
(a) Husband practising magic during the pregnancy period of this wife
(b) Husband looking after the first child during the second delivery of his wife
(c) Husband leading the life of an invalid during the post-delivery period of his wife
(d) Husband leading the life of a priest performing rituals for safe delivery for his wife
Ans. (c)
9. Consider the following statements:
In Indian kinship terminology, the terms referring to the ‘ego’ signify
1. Relationship of sibling’s generation.
2. Relationship arising out of marriage.
3. Descent relationship between the preceding and succeeding generations.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (a)
10. Consider the following:
1. Ancient society
2. Feudal society
3. Primitive society
4. Asiatic society
According to Karl Marx, the correct evolutionary sequence of the above societies is:
(a) 1, 2, 3 and 4
(b) 2, 1, 3 and 4
(c) 3, 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 3, 4 and 2
Ans. (a)
11. The post-industrial societies are believed to be characterised by
(a) Hard work for mass production
(b) Excessive competition
(c) Massive industrial unrest
(d) More of leisure time
Ans. (b)
12. Which of the following sectors of economic activity will be predominantly found in the post-industrial societies?
(a) Primary sector
(b) Primary and secondary sectors
(c) Tertiary sector
(d) Secondary and tertiary sectors
Ans. (d)
13. Assertion (A)- The death rate among the Korkus in Amarvati district of Maharashtra is very high due to a certain genetic defect.
Reason (R)- The tribe suffers from sickle cell disease which reduces the immunity of the tribals.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (c)
14. R.R. Rostow proposed five categories of the stages of economic group. Which one of the following is not a part of those categories?
(a) Traditional society
(b) The pre-conditions for take-off
(c) Post-industrial society
(d) The drive for maturity
Ans. (c)
15. Which one of the following statements substantiate findings of Lambert’s study of the Indian factory?
(a) Social structure of factory maintains many elements of traditional social structure
(b) Indian factory system is basically effective in its orientation
(c) Factories in India are open to all for recruitment purposes
(d) Employment in factories ensures upward social mobility
Ans. (a)
16. The monetary authority in India is the
(a) State Bank of India
(b) Reserve Bank of India
(c) Planning Commission
(d) Ministry of Finance
Ans. (b)
17. Which one of the following is known as human capital?
(a) Returns on industry
(b) Returns on savings
(c) Returns on education
(d) Returns on business
Ans. (c)
18. There is a dispute between management and the workers in a factory over wages and working conditions. The management and the representatives of the workers try their best to resolve the dispute through dialogue across the table. In spite of their best efforts they do not succeed in resolving the dispute resulting in the intervention by the government.
The above event involves two methods of resolving industrial disputes.
These are:
(a) Conciliation and adjudication
(b) Arbitration and collective bargaining
(c) Adjudication and arbitration
(d) Collective bargaining and conciliation
Ans. (b)
19. Which one of the following pairs is correctly matched?
(a) Backward Caste Movement- Behramji Malabari
(b) Women Movement- Government of India Act, 1935
(c) Social Reforms Movement- Ramakrishna Mission
(d) Bhakti Movement- Annie Besant
Ans. (c)
20. Price mechanism means
(a) Price manipulation by producers
(b) Price manipulation by consumers
(c) Spontaneous play of market forces which determines prices
(d) Regulated market
Ans. (d)
21. Which one of the following defines sequential migration?
(a) A body of migrants having common area of origin and common area of destination
(b) Children and wives migrate to follow their parents and husbands
(c) Migration of population from subsistence sectors to capitalist sectors of economy
(d) Migration of population after severe political disturbances of natural calamities
Ans. (c)
22. Which one of the following is the main cause of the fact that a sizeable section of the population remains below poverty line in India?
(a) Socio-political disturbances exert pressure on overall socio-economic development.
(b) Population grows at a faster rate than the rate of capital formation.
(c) Country’s economy is basically dependent on agriculture.
(d) The ratio of workers to total population is considerably low.
Ans. (b)
23. The long-term objective of the Indian National Population Policy is to stabilise population by the year
(a) 2010
(b) 2055
(c) 2035
(d) 2045
Ans. (d)
24. The biological capacity to reproduce is usually called:
(a) Fertility
(b) Celibacy
(c) Infecundity
(d) Fecundity
Ans. (d)
25. Consider the following factors:
1. Seasonal migration
2. Weekly communication
3. Change of residence on permanent or at least semi-permanent basis
4. Being away from the place of normal residence during the entire period of Census count
Which of these is/are the determining factor(s) in defining a migrant in the Indian Census?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 4
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 4 only
Ans. (d)
26. Consider the following statements:
A bureaucratic structure is marked by the following features:
1. It is hierarchical organisation.
2 Applicable to large-scale organisation requiring specialisation.
3. Individual accountability is lost in a bureaucratic organisation
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 1 and 2
(d) 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
27. Consider the following statements:
1. Modern political systems combine power and authority as they are needed to regulate public affairs.
2. Power and authority are two different things. Power is the capacity of the individual to take independent actions while authority goes with office, officials cannot take action without authority.
3. Power and authority are one and the same. They go together
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (a)
28. The principle that it is functionally necessary for power to come eventually into the hands of a small group of people is known as:
(a) Iron law of oligarchy
(b) Circulation of elites
(c) Fascism
(d) Democracy
Ans. (a)
29. Consider the following statements:
Centralisation of authority goes hand in hand with-
1. Acephalous society.
2. Division of labour in society.
3. Rationalisation of social life.
4. Rule-based system.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
30. A tribal chief enjoys
(a) Rational-legal authority
(b) Charismatic authority
(c) Traditional authority
(d) Magical authority
Ans. (c)
31. Which one of the following Schedules of the Constitution of India mentions the laws whose validity cannot be questioned before any court on the ground of their alleged inconsistency with the Fundamental Rights?
(a) IXth Schedule
(b) VIIIth Schedule
(c) VIIth Schedule
(d) Vlth Schedule
Ans. (d)
32. Article 332 deals with
(a) Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in the House of People
(b) Reservation of seats for SCs and STs in Legislative Assemblies of States
(c) Reservation of seats and special representation to cease after thirty years
(d) Representation of the Anglo-Indian community in the Lok Sabha
Ans. (b)
33. Which of the following Articles of the Constitution of India makes provision for educational advancement of the Scheduled Tribes by reserving seats in educational institutions, granting scholarships etc.
(a) Article 15(4)
(b) Article 16(4)
(b) Articles 330 and 332
(d) Article 339 (l)
Ans. (a)
34. Who among the following identified and analysed spatial and temporal dimensions of human interaction?
(a) Erving Goffinan
(b) Robert A. Nisbet
(c) George Simmel
(d) Lewis Coser
Ans. (a)
35. The statements that’ Indian culture is superior to Western culture’ is an example of
(a) Culture relativity
(b) Ethnocentrism
(c) Fundamentalism
(d) Xenophobia
Ans. (b)
36. Who among the following developed the concept of Primordial primary group?
(a) Edward Shils
(b) C.H. Cooley
(c) Erich Fromm
(d) George Homans
Ans. (d)
37. Which one of the following scholars has propounded that command over resources and benefits is an organising principle of large social structures?
(a) M. Fortes
(b) F.G Bailey
(c) M.J. Levy
(d) S.F. Nadel
Ans. (c)
38. Who among the following has argued that a social structure cannot change?
(a) Levi Bruhl
(b) Levi Strauss
(c) Pierre Bordien
(d) Raymond Aron
Ans. (b)
39. According to T. Parsons, the cadinal process in the formation and continuity of the social system is
(a) Goal attainment
(b) Integration
(c) Institutionalisation
(d) Adaptation
Ans. (c)
40. If a gang is involved in conflict with a rival gang, the intragroup conflict usually tends to
(a) Increase
(b) Decrease
(c) Disappear
(d) Remain unaffected
Ans. (d)
41. “An association is a group of individuals united for a specific purpose or purposes or held together by a recognised or sanctioned mode of procedure or behaviour according to:
(a) Maclver
(b) Gillinand Gillin
(c) T.B. Bottomore
(d) Horton and Hunt
Ans. (a)
42. The term ‘relative deprivation’ was used originally by:
(a) Samuel A. Stouffer
(b) R.K. Merton
(c) Herbert Hyman
(d) K. Davis
Ans. (a)
43. What is the function of legal institutions in a society?
(a) Integration
(b) Adaptation
(c) Patterns maintenance
(d) Goal attainment
Ans. (c)
44. During the process of decline of a civilisation, Toynbee claimed that four types of saviours emerged. These include
(a) The Archaist, Futurist, Detached and Indifferent Stoic
(b) The Archaist, Preserver, Static and Political Saviour
(c) The Speculator, Futurist. Indifferent Stoic and Transfigurated Religious Saviour
(d) The Futurist, Preserver, Static and Transfigurated Religious Saviour
Ans. (b)
45. Marriage between single pairs, without involving the rights of exclusive cohabitation with each other is referred to as:
(a) Synadasnian family
(b) Conjugal family
(c) Patriarchal family
(d) Promiscurous family
Ans. (b)
46. A tarvad is composed of a woman
(a) Her sons, daughter’s daughters’ daughters and sons
(b) Her husband, her sons and sons’ daughter and sons
(c) Her daughters’ husbands and daughters’ daughters
(d) Her sons’ wives and daughters
Ans. (a)
47. When there is a radical cultural change, the movement that arises is called
(a) Transformative movement
(b) Millenarian movement
(c) Redemptive movement
(d) Alternative movement
Ans. (a)
48. Ritual kinship refers to:
(a) Legally defined marriage relationship
(b) Kins related to one another through blood
(c) Kinship on the basis of functional social relationship
(d) Persons related to each other through rituals
Ans. (d)
49. Assertion (A): Members of low castes found it practically useful to adopt the mannerisms and living styles of dominant caste of their village.
Reason (R): Members of low castes were fed up with their own life-styles and wanted a change.
(a) Both A and Rare individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (c)
50. A group which does not allow a person to join similar other groups at one and the same time is called
(a) Disjunctive group
(b) In group
(c) Closed group
(d) Congregate group
Ans. (a)
51. Which one of the following statements is not true?
(a) Social stratification means the same as social differentiation
(b) Social stratification is a particular form of ranking
(c) Gender inequality is a form of social stratification
(d) It is possible for social inequality to exist without social strata
Ans. (a)
52. A person belonging to a dalit caste gives up eating non-vegetation food and adopts ritualistic worship. Which one of the following best describes this behaviour?
(a) Sanskritisation
(b) Acculturation
(c) Enculturation
(d) Socialisation
Ans. (a)
53. The concept of respect of pollution was put forward by:
(a) L. Dumont
(b) Milton Singer
(c) S.C. Dube
(d) E.B. Harper
Ans. (c)
54. Which one of the following terms is used for the spread of population and industry beyond the borders of urban centres?
(a) Urban sprawl
(b) Urbanisation
(c) Urban centre
(d) Suburbanisation
Ans. (d)
55. Who among the following has attempted a broad classification of generative and parasitic cities?
(a) B.F. Hoselitz
(b) Henri Pirenne
(c) Milton Singer
(d) Philip M. Hauser
Ans. (a)
56. Who among the following has criticised the concentric zone hypothesis on the basis of its failure to take into account the ‘Sentiments and symbolism’ attached to certain areas?
(a) Walter Firey
(b) Homer Hoyt
(c) Chauney Harris
(d) Edward Ullman
Ans. (d)
57. Assertion (A): Cities are centres of social heterogeneity and impersonal relations.
Reason (R): Cities are generally populous.
(a) Both A and Rare individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (b)
58. Assertion (A): Marcuse sees the potential for personal development crushed in advanced industrial societies.
Reason (R): Work in advanced industrial societies is exhausting, stupefying and inhuman.
(a) Both A and Rare individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
59. Consider the following States:
1. West Bengal
2. Rajasthan
3. Karnataka
4. Maharashtra
The correct sequence of these states in descending order of their population (as per 1991 census) is
(a) 1, 4, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 4, 3 and 2
(c) 4, 1, 2 and 3
(d) 4, 1, 3 and 2
Ans. (d)
60. The concept of “doubling time” pertains to the study of:
(a) Finance
(b) Population
(c) Environment
(d) Parasitology
Ans. (b)
61. The major share of a city’s population growth in India is due to:
(a) Migration
(b) Natural growth
(c) Redefinition of municipal limits
(d) Industrialisation
Ans. (a)
62. According to Malthus, in the control of over-population, famines represent an example of
(a) Preventive checks
(b) Negative checks
(c) Positive checks
(d) Morbid checks
Ans. (c)
63. Which one of the following States was the lowest density of population as per 1991 Census?
(a) Arunachal Pradesh
(b) Mizoram
(c) Sikkim
(d) Manipur
Ans. (a)
64. Consider the following statements regarding Sanskritization:
1. It involves a change in the way of life of a lower caste
2. It does not lead to a structural change in the system
3. Even though limited in nature it leads to a more egalitarian social order.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
65. Technological modernization leads to
(a) Increase in number of workers
(b) Displacement of workers
(c) Increase in child workers
(d) Increase in contract workers
Ans. (b)
66. Which one of the following statements is correct about social forestry?
(a) It is the form of forest management prevalent in socialist countries
(b) It is one of the conventional methods of forest management
(c) It is a form of forest management imposed by the State
(d) It helps in rebuilding of forest wealth by the participation of local community
Ans. (d)
67. In V. Pareto’s concept of circulation of elites, composition of elites alternates cyclically between:
(a) Lions and sheep
(b) Sheep and foxes
(c) Foxes and lions
(d) Bulls and bears
Ans. (c)
68. Who, among the following sociologists, has developed the ‘iron law of oligarchy’?
(a) Robert Michels in his discussion of Bureaucracy
(b) Karl Marx in his discussion of Capitalist Society
(c) Max Weber in his discussion of Authority
(d) V. Pareto in his discussion of Power
Ans. (a)
69. Which one of the following is not a characteristic feature of traditional authority?
(a) Patrimonialism
(b) Personal loyalty
(c) Custom
(d) Consistency
Ans. (b)
70. The process of modernization in India brings about a change in the inner logic of caste. What terms did Louis Dumont use to specify this process?
(a) From ‘culture’ to ‘economy’
(b) From ‘pollution’ to ‘politics’
(c) From ‘structure’ to ‘substance’
(d) From ‘religion’ to ‘society’
Ans. (a)
71. Who among the following social scientists first used the categories of ‘the little tradition’ and ‘the great tradition’ to describe the process of change in peasant society?
(a) Robert Redfield
(b) McKim Marriott
(c) Barrington Moore
(d) T. Shanin
Ans. (a)
72. Consider the following statements:
Evolutionary theories of social change suggest that societies
1. Move from simple to complex.
2. Experience linear progress.
3. Change through a process of differentiation.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (d)
73. Who, among the following, argued that social evolution is- an extension of biological evolution and actual mechanisms of social evolution and biological evolution are different but both can be understood in terms of “evolutionary universals”?
(a) Charles Darwin
(b) David Landes
(c) Herbert Spencer
(d) Talcott Parsons
Ans. (d)
74. From which one of the following tribes, joking relationship between grandparents and grandchildren has been reported?
(a) Toda
(b) Naga
(c) Oraon
d) Santhal
Ans. (c)
75. Consider the following statements:
Political modernisation goes hand in hand with-
1. Illiteracy
2. Political participation
3. Urbanisation
4. Use of mass media
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
76. What is the practice of marriage alliance that creates a desire to give away a girl through marriage to a superior family known as?
(a) Endogamy
(b) Hypergamy
(c) Hypogamy
(d) Exogamy
Ans. (b)
77. Consider the following statements:
1. The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 does not apply to members of any scheduled tribes unless the Central Government by notification in the official gazette otherwise directs.
2. Under the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 (2 of 1974) the right of maintenance extends not only to the wife and dependent children, but also to indigent parents and divorced wires.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (c)
78. Consider the following statements:
Change in traditional joint family in India is marked by changes in
1. Property holding and residence
2. Genealogical structure
3. The conjugal bond
4. Numerical size
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
79. Consider the following legislations:
1. The Special Marriage Act
2. The Muslim Women (Protection of Rights on Divorce) Act
3. The Indian Succession Act
4. The Child Marriage Restraint Act
What is the correct chronological sequence of the above Acts?
(a) 2, 1, 4 and 3
(b) 3, 4, 1 and 2
(c) 2, 4, 1 and 3
(d) 3, 1, 4 and 2
Ans. (b)
80. Consider the following statements about marriage:
1. Marriage is a sacrament in Hindu society
2. Marriage is a contract in Muslim society
3. Prohibition of Sapinda marriage is a rule of caste endogamy
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 2 only
Ans. (a)
81. According to Iravati Karve, which one of the following constitutes the Central Zone of Kinship Organisation?
(a) Uttar Pradesh, Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh and Gujarat
(b) Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Bihar and Orissa
(c) Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Kathiawad, Maharashtra and Orissa
(d) Rajasthan, Madhya Pradesh, Gujarat and Kathiawad and Orissa
Ans. (c)
82. Which one of the following is not clearly indicated by kinship?
(a) Lineage
(b) Affinity
(c) Status
(d) Peer group,
Ans. (d)
83. The process of acquisition of a political culture is known as:
(a) Political modernisation
(b) Political socialisation
(c) Political stratification
(d) Political legitimation
Ans. (b)
84. Consider the following statements:
The dangers of ethnocentrism are very grave in India. Efforts of bringing unity among people of India are defeated because ethnocentrism
1. Involves a double moral standard-one for in-group and another for out-group
2. Distorts ‘self’ and originality of every individual.
3. Makes individuals to look at the culture of out-groups with hatred and even contempt.
Which of these statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1 and 3
Ans. (d)
85. Any small group marked by continuous close interaction of a highly personal and emotionally supportive nature is called
(a) Reference group
(b) Primary group
(c) Interest group
(d) Secondary group
Ans. (b)
86. The behaviour that departs significantly from the values, norms and folk ways of a society is called
(a) Determinism
(b) Discrimination
(c) Deviance
(d) Dysfunction
Ans. (c)
87. Social relationship involves
(a) Cooperation
(b) Conflict
(c) Co-operation and conflict
(d) Face to face contact
Ans. (d)
88. Erik Erikson has identified eight stages of man from birth to old age. What is the key feature of Erik Erikson’s delineation of eight stages of man?
(a) Social development of self
(b) Development of psychological insight
(c) One’s own understanding of self-development
(d) Other’s understanding of one’s development of self
Ans. (b)
89. Relative deprivation is the basis of
(a) Looking glass self-theory
(b) Psycho-analytical theory
(c) Reference group theory
(d) Cultural relativism
Ans. (c)
90. Which of the following characteristics distinguishes man from the other animals?
(a) Ability to stand erect
(b) Ability to adapt to the environment
(c) Ability to make tools
(d) Ability to live in a group
Ans. (c)
91. Assertion (A): The father who has to be the loving parent, faces the problem of role-strain because he finds it necessary to disciple his son with stern measures.
Reason (R): Role-strain is a feeling of difficulty or stress in fulfilling the demands of one’s role obligations.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
92. Assertion (A): Durkheim observed that crime is an integral part of all healthy societies.
Reason (R): All deviant acts are not criminal.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (b)
93. Assertion (A): Secondary groups are more influential in industrial society than in tribal and agrarian societies.
Reason (R): Industrial society has more technical and complex system.
(a) Both R and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
94. ‘ Marriage is said to be essential for women because that is the only sacrament performed by them’. According to:
(a) P. H. Prabhu
(b) K. M. Kapadia
(c) P.Y. Kane
(d) A.S. Altekar
Ans. (b)
95. The statement, the ritually married husband is not necessarily the “legalised genitor” of the children born to his wife”, applied to which one of the following castes or communities in the olden times?
(a) Coorgis
(b) Namboodiris
(c) Nayars
(d) Khasis
Ans. (c)
96. P. Kolenda has given some compositional categories of nuclear family in India. Which one of the following is not one of the categories presented by Kolenda?
(a) Supplemented nuclear
(b) Sub-nuclear
(c) Single person household
(d) Supplemented lineal
Ans. (d)
97. Assertion (A): Muslims marriage, regulated by Muslims’ personal law is a social character.
Reason (R): ‘Shariat’, the personal law of the Muslim, lacks in sacramental character.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
98. Assertion (A): For matrimonial relations, upper caste people are more class conscious than being caste conscious.
Reason (R): Economic status of the family is an important factor in the settlement of marriage.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (d)
99. Assertion (A): In the opinion of Irawati Karve, caste is an extended kin-group.
Reason (R): All the members of a case believe that they have descended from a common ancestor.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (c)
100. Assertion (A): It is not correct to assume that matrilineal families are Consanguineal families.
Reason (R): Besides the consanguineal kins, the tharawad of Nayars consist of official relatives also.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
101. Assertion (A): Territorial exogamy is not strictly confined to Northern Kinship zone.
Reason (R): “Devara Okkalu” of the Gandadikar Okkaligas of Karnataka was a form of territorial exogamy.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not a correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true.
Ans. (a)
102. The main difference between class and status is that:
(a) The former refers to economic group and the latter to hereditary ranking of family
(b) The former is associated with ownership of means of production and the latter with styles of life
(c) The former refers to personal power and the latter is associated .with privileges that one enjoys
(d) The former refers to acquisition of political power and the latter to gain of social power
Ans. (b)