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Are you preparing for Civil Services preliminary examination? Here are few questions on Sociology that are more likely to come in Civil Services exam of Andhra Pradesh, Bihar, Punjab, Jharkhand, Odisha, Chhattisgarh, Arunachal Pradesh, Assam, Goa, Delhi, Himachal Pradesh, Haryana, Rajasthan, Sikkim, Uttarakhand, Uttar Pradesh, West Bengal, Jammu and Kashmir, Karnataka, Kerala, Madhya Pradesh, Maharashtra, Manipur, Mizoram and Nagaland.
1. Which of the following statements refers/refer to the process of assimilation?
1. An evaluation or opinion regarding a person or thing that affects one’s thoughts, feelings and behaviour.
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2. Social condition characterised by the gradual building up of norms and values governing social interaction.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
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(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (d)
2. In functionalist theory, the term ‘social integration’ is fundamental and describes which mode?
(a) Mode of incorporating productive forces
(b) Mode of relation of the units of a system so that units act collectively
(c) Mode of relation between different parts of a structure-
(d) Mode of institutionalising citizenship rights and equality of opportunity
Ans. (b)
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3. What is the term given to the struggle over values and resources between disparate social groups?
(a) Social control
(b) Social disintegration
(c) Social conflict
(d) Social change
Ans. (c)
4. Which of the following refers/refer to social distance?
1. A mode of working out varying degrees of intimacy, understanding and influence between individuals and groups in a society.
2. Any alteration in social behaviour or institutions of a society that results in long-term consequences.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (a)
5. What is the term used to refer to institutionalised inequalities and people’s awareness of them known as?
(a) Material deprivation
(b) Dynamics of deprivation
(c) Relative deprivation
(d) Neurotic deprivation
Ans. (c)
6. What exits when there is a gap between expectations and objective conditions experienced by members of society?
(a) Cultural lag
(b) Relative deprivation
(c) Relative poverty
(d) Cultural disintegration
Ans. (b)
7. Which one of the following is not a characteristic of the Folk Society?
(a) It is small, isolated, non-literate
(b) The sacred prevails over the secular
(c) The economy is one of the status rather than of the market
(d) The status is achieved one
Ans. (d)
8. Assertion (A)- The nuclear family is nearly a universal phenomenon.
Reason (R)- A nuclear family provides protection to its members and supports them financially.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
9. Assertion (A)- Sweeping changes in Indian society have made a definite impact on the patterns of family living in urban areas.
Reason (R)- One of the factors affecting family living in the decline in total fertility rate on the one hand and increased life expectancy on the other.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
10. Assertion (A)- Family is the basic social institution from which other social institutions have grown as increasing cultural complexity made them necessary.
Reason (R)- Family as a social group would stay, but its forms and functions will constantly change along with the rest of the society.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (b)
11. Which among the following is not the defining feature of the concept of peasant?
(a) They are small producers
(b) They produce primarily for their own consumption
(c) They produce with the help of their own and through the family labour
(d) They enjoy privileged position in state centred societies
Ans. (d)
12. Appropriation of surplus through extra economic coercion the characteristics of which of the following societies
1. Capitalist society
2. Feudal society
3. Ancient society
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
13. On the basis of the data of the Census 2001, which one of the following States (in comparison to each other) has the lowest ratio of its population of Scheduled Tribes to its total population?
(a) Rajasthan
(b) Uttar Pradesh
(c) Bihar
(d) West Bengal
Ans. (b)
14. What was the state of existence of developing societies (Third World Societies) during the eighteenth century?
(a) Industrial production
(b) Agriculture with traditional technology
(c) Centrally planned industrial system
(d) Distinct political communities or nation-states
Ans. (b)
15. Consider the following:
1. Dhebar Commission
2. Thakkar Commission
3. Shilu Rao Committee
Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the above?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 2, 3 and 1
(c) 3, 1 and 2
(d) 2, 1 and 3
Ans. (d)
16. What is the concrete fusion of the economic system, with the other sub-systems of society, called?
(a) Non-economic social structure
(b) The crumbling and shrinking of economy
(c) Embeddedness of the economy
(d) Economic production of some kind
Ans. (c)
17. Which one of the following States has higher proportion of Scheduled Castes population than the national average?
(a) Maharashtra
(b) Tamil Nadu
(c) Madhya Pradesh
(d) Bihar
Ans. (b)
18. When percentage of urban population remains the same over a period of time in a country but there is increase of population in towns and cities, what is the process known as?
(a) Urbanisation
(b) Urban growth
(c) Urbanism
(d) Pseudo urbanisation
Ans. (b)
19. What does the term ‘demographic transition’ stand for?
(a) Level of fertility and mortality are high
(b) Level of fertility and mortality are low
(c) Decline of mortality rate and rapid population growth
(d) All of the above
Ans. (b)
20. Which one of the following is the correct sequence of the States given below in descending order according to their level of urbanisation as per Census 2001?
(a) Maharashtra – Tamil Nadu – Gujarat – Punjab
(b) Tamil Nadu – Maharashtra – Gujarat – Punjab
(c) Maharashtra – Tamil Nadu – Punjab – Gujarat
(d) Tamil Nadu – Maharashtra – Punjab – Gujarat
Ans. (b)
21. Which one ofthe following is the family unit of Kodavas?
(a) Ghar
(b) Biradari
(c) Chulah
(d) Okka
Ans. (d)
22. The use of term ‘Bapu’ tie describe Mahatma Gandhi is an example of which one of the following?
(a) North Indian kinship terminology
(b) Fictive kinship
(c) Putative kinship
(d) Collateral kinship
Ans. (b)
23. According to the kinship theory, which one of the following is an example of ‘complimentary filiations’?
(a) The relation between mother’s brother and sister’s son in a patrilineal descent system
(b) The relation between grandparents and grandchildren in a system of unilineal decent
(c) The relation between mother and daughter in a system of matrilineal descent
(d) The use of matrilineal descent for some purpose and patrilineal for others
Ans. (a)
24. Kinship has a complex form a classification based on which of the following?
(a) System of descent
(b) Relation of consanguinity
(c) Affinal relations
(d) All of the above
Ans. (c)
25. Why has the functionalist approach to the study of the institution of family been criticised by many sociologists?
1. Functionalist approach does not consider class, regional and religious variation in studying the institutions of family.
2. Functionalist approach does not conside class, regional and religious variations in studying the institution of family
3. Functionalist view does not explore alternatives to the family.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (d)
26. Who among the following eminent sociologists on the basis of study of a particular society predicated that in the post-World War II period there will be an isolation, differentiation and specialisation of the nuclear family as a bounded subsystem of the society?
(a) GP. Murdock
(b) Talcott Parsons
(c) W.J.Goode
(d) R.D.Laing
Ans. (b)
27. Which among the following factors have interacted with the family and gave impetus to the second wave of feminists in 1960s to view the family with scepticism?
1. Legislation impacting gender, personal laws and international migration.
2. Increased female labour force participation.
3. Advances in science, information and communication technologies.
4. New reproductive technologies
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 2, 3 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (d)
28. Which one of following statements is correct?
Rules of residence after marriage form an important variable-
(a) the human behaviour by which goods are produced, distributed and consumed
(b) the quality of personal relations within the kin network
(c) the process of inducting kinsmen in the political culture
(d) the human capacity for symbolic communication or language.
Ans. (a)
29. The Nayar taravad system was based on which one of the following?
(a) Nelocal residence patterns
(b) Virilocal residence patterns
(c) Natolocal residence patterns
(d) Uxorilocal residence patterns
Ans. (d)
30. Logical relations exists between residence rules and descent group structure. Patrilineal descent system correlate with either neolocal or partivirilocal residence patterns. Which of the following patterns of residence do the matrilineal descent system correlate with?
(a) Neolocal, patrivirilocal and uxorilocal only
(b) Neolocal, avunculocal and uxoriloval only
(c) Neolocal, patrivirilocal and avunculocal only
(d) Neolocal, patrivirilocal, avunculocal and uxorilocal
Ans. (d)
31. In India, for the purpose of countrywide Census, which one of the following factors in not the criterion for definition of urban area?
(a) Minimum population
(b) Minimum population density
(c) Minimum percentage of male working population engaged in non-agricultural and allied activities
(d) Minimum number of schools per thousand population
Ans. (d)
32. According to the data of the Census of India, 2001- which one of among the following has the highest female literacy rate?
(a) Delhi
(b) Lakshadweep
(c) Chandigarh
(d) Puduchery
Ans. (b)
33. Many demographers argue that the birth rate of the economically backward nations will fall when they are industrialised and when people improve their standard of living. This explanation is based on which one of the following?
(a) Speculative casual analysis
(b) History of economically developed countries
(c) Malthusian theory of population
(d) Marxian theory of population
Ans. (a)
34. In the demographic studies of a population “fertility” and “fecundity” rates are calculated. Which one of the following shows the correct trend of population in normal situation?
(a) Fertility rate is high and fecundity rate is low
(b) Fertility rate and fecundity rate are equal
(c) Fertility rate is low and fecundity rate is high
(d) Both fertility rate and fecundity rate are low
Ans. (d)
35. What is ‘Rural Functional Literacy’ programme?
(a) It is a programme of opening new schools for girl’s education
(b) It is a sub-programme of the adult education programme to create awareness among the learners about their rights and duties and draw benefits from various schemes of the government
(c) It is a programme which helps aged in rural areas to read and write
(d) It is a programme for providing education to workers engaged in agriculture, cottage, industry development
Ans. (b)
36. Which one of the following factors is significant in the determine theory of social change?
(a) Single factor
(b) Double factor
(c) Multiple factor
(d) Inner factor
Ans. (a)
37. What is the term for the transformation of charismatic authority into combination of traditional and rational legal authority?
(a) Charismatic makeover
(b) Routinisation of charisma
(c) Trade-guild authority
(d) Social authority
Ans. (b)
38. Which one of the following is least important for political socialisation?
(a) Family
(b) Neighbourhood
(c) Media
(d) Trade Union
Ans. (b)
39. Which school of scholars believed that public sphere is an important arena of political socialisation?
(a) Chicago School
(b) Frankfurt School
(c) Neoliberal School
(d) Manchester School
Ans. (c)
40. Various components of political socialisation induct individuals in the political culture of a society. One is induction and political issues. What are the other company?
1. Induction of individuals into a particularly political party.
2. Imparing the party’s ideology and action programmes to newly recruited individuals.
3. Socialisation that takes place within the non-political support system of society like ethnic religious, linguistic associations.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2 only
(b) 2 and 3 only
(c) 1 and 3 only
(c) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
41. Which one of the following correctly defines the concept of social structure?
(a) Socially assigned meaning to a particular set of behavioural pattern
(b) The enduring, orderly and patterned relationships between elements of a society
(c) A group of individuals, sharing common social background, aspirations and occupation
(d) A set of behavioural patterns shared by different cultures
Ans. (b)
42. What does the process of acculturation refer to?
(a) The assimilation of one social institution by another that modifies the social structure and so changes the social organisation.
(b) The assimilation by one group of the culture of another that modifies the culture and so changes group identity
(c) The assimilation of one nation state by another that modifies the national boundaries.
(d) The assimilation of various nuclear families into one joint family
Ans. (b)
43. What is the tendency to use the norms and values of one’s own culture as standards against which the practices of others are judged called?
(a) Relativism
(b) Racism
(c) Ethnocentrism
(d) Arrogance
Ans. (c)
44. Which one of the following is the correct statement?
The term cultural relativity means a belief in viewing–
(a) A culture as relatively superior to other ones
(b) A culture only in terms of its own values and in its own context
(c) A culture only in terms of making comparisons with other cultures
(d) A culture considering other cultures as better ones.
Ans. (b)
45. While social status implies a collection of rights and duties, what does social role represent?
(a) The opposite of social status
(b) The dynamic aspect of social status
(c) The passive aspect of social status
(d) The same as social status
Ans. (b)
46. Which one of the following pairs is not correctly matched?
(a) Looking glass self- Charles H. Cooley
(b) Super-ego- Alfred L. Kroeber
(c) Collective Conscience- Emile Durkheim
(d) Taking the role of the other- George H. Mead
Ans. (b)
47. What does structural assimilation refer to?
(a) The integration of ethnic groups into full social participation
(b) Embracing the norms, values and behaviour of dominant cultural group
(c) Cultural exchange among rival groups
(d) Universalisation of local cultural tradition
Ans. (a)
48. What does internalized social control refer to:
(a) A process of learning in which the individual assimilates the norms and values to control his behaviour
(b) The external force of the social values to direct the individual behaviour
(c) A process of self-appraisal to understand the consequence of one’s behaviour
(d) Learning morally upright behaviour
Ans. (a)
49. Which one of the following is the correct statement? The term role-distance as developed by Erving Goffman implies people’s ability to
(a) Say ‘no’ to what they are expected to do for others
(b) Free themselves from the standard demands of roles
(c) Sabotage the system in a manner so that they are not expected to perform any role
(d) Make others perform their roles.
Ans. (b)
50. The prevalence of village exogamy in North India arises from which of the following highly interrelated factors?
1. Caste endogamy
2. Local Active kinship
3. Territorial stabilisation of kin groups
4. Gotra
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 2 and 4.
(d) 1, 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
51. What is an agreement among two or more business organisations to limit competition among themselves in certain specified ways, such as limiting production, fixing prices, etc. called?
(a) Monopoly
(b) Oligarchy
(c) Cartel
(d) Hoard
Ans. (c)
52. Which one of the following is the correct statement? Competition of economy by fewer and fewer corporations in a complex modern society is known as-
(a) Oligopoly
(b) Bureaucratisation
(c) Professionalisation
(d) Oligarchy
Ans. (a)
53. What is social distance in a city due to?
(a) Size of the city
(b) Distance between one’s residence and the place of work
(c) Social heterogeneity
(d) Inadequate public transport
Ans. (c)
54. Consider the following statements:
1. Traditionally, labour laws had a protective function consisting of established political rights to association
2. Labour laws protect workers in their workplace.
3. Labour laws provide workers a basic minimum level of living conditions
4. Labour laws provide workers right to strike
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
55. Consider the following statements about industrialisation:
1. It is a structural shift
2. It denotes movement of people
3. It emphasises the economic
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (d)
56. What is the theoretical framework that focuses on the level of economic development as the determinant of birth and death rates, referred to as?
(a) Malthusian Theory of Population
(b) Optimum Theory of Population
(c) Demographic Transition Theory
(d) Theory of Social Capillarity
Ans. (b)
57. Which is the correct sequence of the given States in the decreasing order of the percentage of their urban population? (According to Census 2001)
(a) Mizoram-Andhra Pradesh-Karnataka-Maharashtra
(b) Karnataka-Maharashtra-Mizoram-Andhra Pradesh
(c) Mizoram-Maharashtra-Karnataka-Andhra Pradesh
(d) Karnataka-Andhra Pradesh-Mizoram-Maharashtra
Ans. (c)
58. What has been the approximate increase in urban population percentage of total population of India from the Census year 1901 to the Census year 2001?
(a) 13%
(b) 17%
(c) 21%
(d) 25%
Ans. (b)
59. Which of the following determine India’s fertility rate?
1. Religious importance of the male child
2. Social security value of children
3. Economic value of children
4. Intrinsic value of children
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 3 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
60. Consider the following statements:
The decline in death rate in India is primarily attributed to:
1. Advancement in medical technology
2. Increased health care services
3. Family planning programmes
4. Nutritious meal programmes
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) 1 and 2 only
(d) 3 and 4 only
Ans. (c)
61. Which one of the following theories is considered as a cause of social protests?
(a) Absolute deprivation
(b) Political mobilisation of the oppressed
(c) Relative deprivation
(d) Absolute poverty
Ans. (b)
62. Who among the following authors developed the social distance scale?
(a) L. Guttman
(b) Paulin Young
(c) W.J. Goode and P.K. Hatt
(d) E.S. Bogardus
Ans. (d)
63. Who among the following is not covered under the “Element of Social Structure”?
(a) Samuel A. Stouffer
(b) R.K. Merton
(c) W.G Sumner
(d) A. Henderson
Ans. (a)
64. In traditional Hindu society which of the following forms of mate selection were undesirable?
(a) Asura, Rakshasa and Paisacha
(b) Brahma, Asura, Arsha and Gandharva
(c) Rakshasa, Daiva, Prajapatya and Paisacha
(d) Brahma, Arsha and Rakshasa
Ans. (a)
65. What is a Hindu marriage in which the daughter is gifted to a priest, called?
(a) Brahma marriage
(b) Daiva marriage
(c) Sacred marriage
(d) Arsha marriage
Ans. (b)
66. Who among the following has divided religious organisations into denominations and cults?
(a) Max Weber
(b) Ernst Troeltsch
(c) Howard Becker
(d) Robert K. Merton
Ans. (b)
67. What is the smallest unit of Tharawad called?
(a) Tavazhi
(b) Namboodiri
(c) Cheri
(d) Koli
Ans. (a)
68. Consider the following statements about family:
1. Family regulates sexual behaviour through incest taboo
2. Family provides ethnic identity
3. Family serves as occupational guild
4. Family provides predictable social contexts within which its children are to be socialised
Which of the above statements are correct?
(a) 1, 2 and 3
(b) 1, 2 and 4
(c) 1 and 3
(d) 2 and 4
Ans. (c)
69. Assertion (A)- According to P.A. Sorokin, Change occurs from within the society aided by the external factors.
Reason (R)- Change is a latent process
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (c)
70. Consider the following statements:
R.K. Merton refers to the Hopi rain dance in connection with
1. Latent function
2. Relative deprivation
3. Reference group
4. Manifest function
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 4 only
Ans. (a)
71. What does the term ‘Patrician’ stand for?
(a) Land owner
(b) Landless labourer
(c) Slave
(d) Slave master
Ans. (d)
72. Who among the following developed notions of stratification that included both the institutional gains of stratification and the conflict inherent in societal inequalities?
(a) Ralph Dahrendrof
(b) Talcott Parsons
(c) Max Weber
(d) Herbert Spencer
Ans. (a)
73. Consider the following statements:
1. The functionalist theory of social stratification has not focused on explaining social stratification as a system of rewards resulting in differences in social prestige.
2. Generally, functionalist theories of social stratification have been assumed, as far as public policy is concerned, because they mirror and support the status quo.
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (a)
74. Assertion (A)- Ascetic Protestantism contained the seeds of its own destruction.
Reason (R)- Once its teachings were incorporated into a rational capitalist system, religious direction and validation were rapidly eroded.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A
(c) A is true but R is false
(d) A is false but R is true
Ans. (a)
75. Consider the following statements:
1. Auguste Comte proposed a theory of evolutionary social change dividing it into three stages of thought: the religious stage, the metaphysical stage and the scientific stage.
2. According to Herbert Spencer’s evolutionary theory, human societies evolve from “barbarian” to “civilised’
Which of the statements given above is/are correct?
(a) 1 only
(b) 2 only
(c) Both 1 and 2
(d) Neither 1 nor 2
Ans. (a)
76. Who among the following has said that all cultures go through a regular succession of stages corresponding to spring, summer, autumn and winter?
(a) A. J. Toynbee
(b) Oswald Spengler
(c) F. S. Chapin
(d) A. L. Kroeber
Ans. (b)
77. According to Hindu view of life there are four ages. Which one of the following is the correct sequence?
(a) Satyayuga – Dwapara – Treta – Kaliyuga
(b) Kaliyuga – Dwapara – Satyayuga – Treta
(c) Satyayuga – Treta – Dwapara – Kaliyuga
(d) Treta – Dwapara – Satyayuga – Kaliyuga
Ans. (c)
78. Which among the following tribes has started the Tana Bhagat Movement?
(a) Santhal
(b) Khasi
(c) Oraon
(d) Kuki
Ans. (c)
79. Consider the following statements:
1. Tribal Economy often has a market place but not a market system
2. Reciprocity and redistribution create the integrative patterns prevalent in tribal economy
3. Tribal production is contractual and voluntary
4. A distinguishing feature of primitive life is fusion of social and economic institutions.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 2 and 4
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (b)
80. Who among the following has suggested a three-fold division of the agricultural population into Malik, Kisan and Mazdoor?
(a) Daniel Thorner
(b) D.N. Dhanagre
(c) K. Gough
(d) A. Amitai Etzioni
Ans. (a)
81. Assertion (A)- The socialised individual never goes against the values of the society.
Reason (R)- Socialisation makes the individual learn to conform to the norms of the society.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but is R true.
Ans. (a)
82. Assertion (A)- In a rank society, members have equal access to economic resources but unequal access to prestige.
Reason (R)- the value of wealth is prestige gained by giving it away rather than the prestige gained by having it.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but is R true.
Ans. (a)
83. Assertion (A)- Cultural conditions determine the economic behaviour in a society.
Reason (R)- Economic behaviour is resultant of the political needs of a society.
(a) Both A and R are individually true and R is the correct explanation of A.
(b) Both A and R are individually true but R is not the correct explanation of A.
(c) A is true but R is false.
(d) A is false but is R true.
Ans. (c)
84. Consider the following statements- Authoritarian individuals
1. Are dynamic and flexible.
2. Have weakly structured ego.
3. Possess rigid character
4. Think in stereotypes
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2,3 and 4
Ans. (d)
85. Who amongst the following termed community and association as gemeinschaft and gesellschaft?
(a) F. Tonnies
(b) E. Durkheim
(c) H. Spencer
(d) M. Ginsberg
Ans. (a)
86. Consider the following statements:
An association differs from the formal group in its goals because of
1. Limited involvement of members.
2. Dominance of impersonal relations.
3. Predominance of impersonal relations.
4. Greater involvement of its members.
Which of the statements given above are correct?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 3 and 4
(d) 1, 2 and 3
Ans. (c)
87. Industrial sociology as a distinct discipline is connected with the research in:
(a) Scientific management school
(b) Bureaucracy
(c) Professionalisation
(d) Human relations approach
Ans. (a)
88. The spread of culture traits from group to group is termed as:
(a) Diffusion
(b) Assimilation
(c) Acculturation
(d) Cultural integration
Ans. (a)
89. Which of the following statements serve as instances of ethnocentric thinking?
1. The Hindu’s think that Shankaracharya is the Jagadguru
2. L .H. Morgan thinks that contemporary Western European society alone has reached the western civilisation.
3. The egalitarian thinks that all are equal in the eye of God.
4. The traditionalist thinks himself alone to be the right person alone.
Select the correct answer using the codes given below-
Codes:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1, 2 and 4
(d) 1, 3 and 4
Ans. (c)
90. Role conflict does not arise when a person is given a role
(a) Which one does not like
(b) Which is not conducive to one’s environment
(c) When each one works under a well-planned system
(d) When everybody is free to perform the role of one’s choice
Ans. (c)
91. The objectively structured economic inequalities in society are explained by Marx in terms of:
(a) Status
(b) Estate
(c) Class
(d) Caste
Ans. (c)
92. The jajmani system is:
(a) A mode of reciprocal service and caste interdependence, widespread in traditional Village India
(b) A mode of exclusive service and caste interdependence, widespread in India
(c) A mode of mutual service and caste interdependence, widespread in Village India
(d) A mode of reciprocal service and caste interdependence, widespread in modern India.
Ans. (a)
93. The evolutionary theory of social change is based on notion of gradual transformation of society in which of the following:
1. Vertical direction
2. Unilinear direction
3. Multilinear direction
4. Curvilinear direction
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 3 and 4
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2 and 3
Ans. (a)
94. Ad-hoc arrangements based on caste kinship and neighbourhood which are more important for political activities, but may no longer be activised after election- Adrian C. Mayer calls these
(a) Action-groups
(b) Interest-groups
(c) Action-sets
(d) Interest-sets
Ans. (c)
95. Which among the following are the two main features of caste system as identified by Max Weber?
1. Commensality
2. Hierarchy
3. Purity
4. Connubium
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 2 and 3
(c) 1 and 4
(d) 2 and 4
Ans. (c)
96. According to Robert Redfield, which one of the following is not true of the folk societies?
(a) They are small
(b) They are isolated
(c) They are heterogeneous
(d) They are orthodox
Ans. (c)
97. Which of the following promote adoption of improved agricultural practices for diversification of the cropping pattern?
1. Communication facilities
2. Economic incentives
3. Poverty
4. Traditionalism
Select the correct answer using the codes given below:
(a) 1 and 4
(b) 1 and 2
(c) 1, 2 and 3
(d) 2, 3 and 4
Ans. (b)
98. According to Durkheim, which one of the following is the principal source of cohesion and solidarity in modem society?
(a) Repressive laws
(b) Division of labour
(c) Greater intensity of class conflict
(d) Expansion of education
Ans. (b)
99. A Society marked by secondary rather than primary group interaction, anomie and generally characterised by homogeneity with respect to life styles, is called as
(a) Folk society
(b) Peasant society
(c) Urban society
(d) Mass society
Ans. (d)
100. Consider the following:
1. A classless democratic society
2. A technically specialised and service sector dominated society
3. A society with contractual relations.
Which of the above attributes characterise(s) a complex society?
(a) 1 and 2
(b) 1 and 3
(c) 2 and 3
(d) 2 only
Ans. (c)